The gypsum board is made of natural gypsum and face paper, and is made of light fiber, starch, coagulant, foaming agent and water. It is suitable for ceiling, partition and interior wall. Veneers, ceilings, sound absorbing panels, etc. Because of its light weight, fireproof, soundproofing, heat preservation, heat insulation, good processing performance, convenient construction and good detachability, the gypsum board is widely used in various industrial buildings and civil buildings, especially in high-rise buildings. It can be used as interior wall materials and decoration materials.
There are many varieties of gypsum board, and the following four types are common:
Plain gypsum board: ivory white core and gray paper are the most economical and most common varieties, suitable for places without special requirements (continuous relative humidity does not exceed 65%). Many people like to use 9.5mm ordinary gypsum board as ceiling or partition wall, but this thickness of gypsum board is thin, low strength, easy to deform under wet conditions, so it is recommended to use more than 12mm gypsum board.
Water-resistant paper gypsum board: Both the core and the facing paper are waterproofed. According to the requirements of the national standard, the paper surface and core of the water-resistant gypsum board must meet certain waterproof standards, that is, the surface water absorption is not more than 160 grams, and the water absorption rate is not more than 10%. Water-resistant gypsum board is suitable for places where the continuous relative humidity does not exceed 95%, such as toilets and bathrooms.
Refractory gypsum board: refractory material and a large amount of glass fiber are added to the core. Good quality refractory gypsum board will use non-alkali glass fiber with good fire resistance. The general products are medium or high alkali glass fiber.
Moisture-proof gypsum board: The surface has good moisture-proof performance and the surface water absorption rate is less than 160g/m2, which is suitable for room ceilings, partition walls and veneer walls with high environmental humidity.
As a new building material, the gypsum board has the following characteristics in performance:
1. Lightweight. The partition wall is made of gypsum board, the weight is only 1/15 of the brick wall of the same thickness, and 1/10 of the block wall is beneficial to the structure earthquake resistance, and can effectively reduce the cost of the foundation and the structure body.
2. Good fire performance. Since the gypsum core itself is not flammable, and in the process of releasing the compound water in the event of fire, it will absorb a large amount of heat, delaying the rise of the ambient temperature. Tested by the National Fire Detection Center, the fire wall of the plasterboard of the gypsum board can reach 4 hours.
3. Sound insulation is good. A single-wall wall composed of aerated concrete and expanded perlite plates can meet the sound insulation requirements only when its thickness is large. The gypsum board is made of a single lightweight material with a unique cavity structure and excellent sound insulation performance.
4. Convenient processing and strong workability. The gypsum board has the properties of nailing, planing, sawing, and sticking. It can cut the gypsum board at will by cutting the knife. The construction is very convenient and can greatly improve the construction efficiency.
5. Green and environmental protection. The gypsum board is made of natural gypsum and paper surface, and does not contain asbestos harmful to the human body (most of the calcium silicate board and cement fiber board are made of asbestos as a reinforcing material for the board).
6. Good ventilation. Since the gypsum board has a large porosity and a uniform pore structure distribution, it has good gas permeability. When the indoor humidity is high, the gypsum board can absorb moisture; when the air is dry, it can release part of the water, so that the indoor humidity can be adjusted to some extent.
7. Save space. The thickness of the gypsum board wall can be as small as 74mm, and the sound insulation and fireproof performance of the wall can be guaranteed.
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