Among the many factors that lead to accidents in the safe production of hazardous chemicals, the human factor is the first. Because of the advanced technology and equipment, it is up to people to operate, and the sound management system must be implemented by people. It is necessary to grasp the key of "human factors" and implement the responsibilities of personnel at all levels of the enterprise. First, we must define our responsibilities. The "Safe Production Law" clearly stipulates that the principal responsible person of the production and business unit shall bear full responsibility for the safety production work of the unit; the practitioner shall have the right to obtain safety production guarantee according to law, and shall perform the obligations of safety production according to law. The legal representative who directly grasps the decision-making power of production and operation must fulfill the duties of the first person responsible for safety production, and must personally take responsibility for the safe production of the enterprise; the vice president in charge of safety production shall assist the main person in charge of the enterprise to grasp the various tasks. For the implementation of safety production work measures, other leaders and relevant departments of the enterprise shall manage the safety production within the scope of the management according to the principle of “management must be managed in a safe manner†and the requirements of “one post and two responsibilitiesâ€; first-line operators strictly implement enterprise safety. Production rules and regulations and operating procedures to prevent accidents caused by improper operation. Second, we must strengthen the assessment. It is necessary to strictly examine the safety production knowledge and management personnel of responsible persons and safety management personnel of hazardous chemicals production enterprises, comprehensively improve the performance and safety management level of business leaders and safety management personnel; strengthen the safety production knowledge and post operation of front-line employees Education and training of skills, earnestly do a good job in the "three-level education" of enterprises, through education and training and repeated practical training, enable practitioners to master the basic knowledge of accident prevention, master safety skills, and engage in special skills for professional workers. Education, after passing the examination, obtain the special operation operation permit before they can be employed. Third, we must improve the system. The risk of hazardous chemicals production enterprises is high, and the production processes of various workshops and posts are ever-changing. It is necessary to formulate a safe production management system with operability, pertinence, practicability and succinct procedures in combination with actual conditions. It is necessary to strengthen the binding power of the system, effectively place various management behaviors and operational behaviors within the framework of the system, strengthen the system to promote management, and promote the regulation by the system to further enhance the consciousness of the implementation system of all levels of personnel at all levels of the enterprise.
Second, "guarantee funds" to solve the problem of the implementation of the main responsibility
The diversity of chemical products and production methods, the large scale of the equipment scale, the high parameters of the production process, the continuous process of production, automation, and the flammable, explosive, toxic and corrosive substances involved, high temperature and high pressure equipment Many of them have determined that there are many unsafe factors in the production process of hazardous chemical production enterprises, serious accidents, and large equipment losses. It is necessary to establish and improve the system of extracting, using and managing the safe production costs of enterprises to ensure the safe production. Capital investment, forming a long-term mechanism for enterprise safety production investment, continuously improving the basic conditions and safety conditions of enterprise safety, and creating an intrinsically safe enterprise. First, we must clarify the extraction criteria for security costs. Article 9 of the Interim Measures for the Financial Management of Safe Production Costs of High-risk Enterprises in the Joint Provisions issued by the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Work Safety stipulates that the dangerous goods production enterprises shall use the actual sales income for the current year as the basis for accrual, and adopt the method of excessive regression according to the following criteria. Monthly withdrawal: (1) If the actual sales income of the whole year is 10 million yuan or less, it shall be extracted according to 4%; (2) The actual sales income of the whole year shall be 10 million yuan to 100 million yuan (inclusive), which shall be extracted according to 2%. (3) The actual annual sales income of 100 million yuan to 100 million yuan (inclusive) shall be extracted according to 0.5%; (4) the actual sales income of more than 100 million yuan for the whole year shall be extracted according to 0.2%. Companies must be fully and in accordance with the standard. Second, we must strengthen the use and management of security costs. The third chapter of the Interim Measures for the Financial Management of Safety Production Costs of High-risk Enterprises specifies the specific scope of use of safety expenses. It includes six aspects: perfecting, renovating and maintaining safety protection equipment and facilities; providing necessary emergency rescue equipment, equipment and safety equipment for field workers; expenditure on safety production inspection and evaluation; assessment of major hazards and major accidents , rectification, monitoring of expenditures; safety skills training and emergency rescue drills; and other expenditures directly related to safe production. Within this scope, safety costs should be prioritized to meet the safety control department's rectification measures for safe production of the enterprise or to meet the safety production standards. Third, strict financial supervision is required. Enterprises should promptly and fully withdraw security costs and use them as required. The specific circumstances of the extraction and use of security fees should be disclosed in the annual financial accounting report. It is necessary to take the initiative to accept the financial department and the safety production supervision department to supervise and inspect the extraction, management and use of enterprise safety costs. It is necessary to highlight the key points and ensure that the technical renovation funds for major hazard sources and high-risk industry real-time monitoring systems and high-risk industry automation systems are in place in full and on time.
Third, "government promotion" strengthens the implementation of the main responsibility
Safety production work says that a thousand and ten thousand key is being implemented. The relevant government departments must fulfill their respective duties of work safety in accordance with the law, and implement the implementation of a series of guidelines, policies and regulations of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on safety production, ensure that the implementation of the policy is not out of shape, do not discount, and form a safe production and jointly manage a good situation.
First, we must establish and improve the incentive mechanism for safety production. We must attach great importance to the use of economic policies and economic regulation and control, and implement economic policies that are conducive to safe production. It is necessary to increase the implementation of safety production risk mortgage and safety production cost extraction and use management, research and explore safety credit rating assessment, implement the industrial injury insurance floating rate system, safety production risk mortgage floating rate system and other measures to mobilize enterprises to eliminate backwardness. Production technology and equipment, accelerate technological transformation, improve the awareness of enterprise safety and prevention, and promote the implementation of the main responsibility of enterprise safety production.
Second, we must create a safe development environment. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of corporate safety culture, strive to enhance the safety awareness of all employees, improve safety, and let employees truly establish that safety is wealth, safety is a happy point of view, thus forming a concern for everyone, safety, and work together to ensure A safe atmosphere. It is necessary to standardize the safety production standardization system for hazardous chemical production enterprises, actively carry out the pilot work of standardization construction, and on the basis of gaining experience, vigorously cultivate advanced models of safety production standardization of hazardous chemicals, and promote the overall safety level of hazardous chemicals production enterprises through typical guidance. Improvement. To improve the assessment and reward system, the government must set up special incentive funds to produce significant products that have achieved remarkable results in the annual safety production work and have made outstanding contributions to the promotion of safety technology, innovative safety management experience, and safety hazard investigation and management. Individuals, special rewards are implemented.
Third, we must strengthen safety supervision. On the one hand, enterprises should consciously accept the government's legal supervision, effective guidance from industry departments and extensive supervision of the society, and ensure that the party and the state, safety production policies, policies, laws and regulations are implemented in the enterprise. On the other hand, relevant government departments should implement strong supervision over hazardous chemical production enterprises, combine the actual work of enterprise safety production, refine the tasks of decomposition, clarify the work objectives of each stage and management links, and ensure the safety of hazardous chemicals production enterprises. Production target management; strict investigation and punishment of all types of safety production illegal activities, in accordance with the "four do not let go" principle, seriously deal with hazardous chemical production safety accidents; solidly carry out safety production inspections, urge enterprises to strengthen accident hazard investigation and management, Through a series of regulatory activities, external pressure on enterprises to promote and promote the implementation of corporate safety production responsibility.
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