Q: I recently visited Shandong, Henan and other places and found that there are two completely different situations in the wheat fields that have been frozen with frozen water. One type of drought is lighter, and the other type of wheat field is sprinkled with frozen water, but the drought is still very serious. As soon as you enter the wheat field, you can see that there are many large cracks in the direction of the ridge. It is called a crack phenomenon. Why is there a crack in the wheat field? What should I do?
Experts: Some of the wheat fields that have been poured into the frozen water have cracks. The main reason is that the water-splitting water has not been used in time to form the surface. The water has just penetrated into the soil and the surface is knotted. The wind blows and causes a large number of longitudinal cracks along the ridge direction. The depth of these cracks is deep and shallow in different plots. Depending on the soil texture and watering amount, the texture is more sticky and deeper, and the water volume is also deep. The consequences of this cracking phenomenon in the wheat field will evaporate the water that has just been poured into the soil and the valuable "green water" originally stored in the lower soil bank, which greatly promotes the running process. This is like tearing through numerous gaps in the wheat field, so that the precious "green water" is constantly losing to the atmosphere. The result of this evaporation will inevitably aggravate the drought, and sometimes it is better not to water.
Q: Under what circumstances can I not water? Experts: First, for the wheat in the northern region has not yet returned to green, the surface of the wheat field has not been frozen, and no water is given. The second is to check the wheat fields that have been regreened, and to inspect the wheat fields whose dry soil is less than 3 cm and have been poured with frozen water. For the slightly dried topsoil and small slag, the method of suppression can be used.
Q: In the case of serious watering that must be watered, what measures should be taken to prevent cracks in the wheat field?
Experts: The wheat field with severe drought is under the support of the government and strives for watering conditions. As for the amount of water, it depends on the seedlings and the way of irrigation. The weak seedlings in the rejuvenation period should not be large water. Excessive water volume will cause the soil layer to cool rapidly and not ventilate, which is not conducive to the growth of wheat roots and the cultivation of strong seedlings. As for whether or not fertilization depends on the seedlings and the fertilization basis of the year before, the wheat fields that have not been fertilized before winter are used, and the green fertilizer is properly applied in conjunction with the watering, and the urea should not be used only. In the case of high yield and weak seedlings, the supplement of phosphate fertilizer should be considered. Nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium sulphate, both of which are younger than urea. The amount of urea used does not have to be too much at a time (10 to 15 kg/mu). No matter whether it is urea or ammonium carbonate, do not apply topsoil, and apply water after fertilization.
Q: Why do you have to draw after watering? Does it mean that there is another crack in the wheat field?
Expert: Yes. After watering, the water seeps into the soil layer. When the surface soil is 2~3 cm, the soil must be slashed. It can be used with nails and the working depth is 3~5 cm. The function is to loosen the topsoil, crush the clods, break the knots, strengthen the ventilation, level the ground, mix the fertilizers, remove the weeds, and make the root layer soil structure become the virtual state. It is beneficial to the roots of the preserved and wheat, and promotes the strong seedlings.
In short, the concept and method of drought resistance is not just about using irrigation to solve the drought. Soil cultivation is an important water storage and conservation measure that has been used frequently in China's agriculture since ancient times. Modern water-saving agriculture needs to be deepened and understood.
(Senior Consultant of Sinofert, Professor of China Agricultural University, Cao Yiping)
Farmers Daily
Experts: Some of the wheat fields that have been poured into the frozen water have cracks. The main reason is that the water-splitting water has not been used in time to form the surface. The water has just penetrated into the soil and the surface is knotted. The wind blows and causes a large number of longitudinal cracks along the ridge direction. The depth of these cracks is deep and shallow in different plots. Depending on the soil texture and watering amount, the texture is more sticky and deeper, and the water volume is also deep. The consequences of this cracking phenomenon in the wheat field will evaporate the water that has just been poured into the soil and the valuable "green water" originally stored in the lower soil bank, which greatly promotes the running process. This is like tearing through numerous gaps in the wheat field, so that the precious "green water" is constantly losing to the atmosphere. The result of this evaporation will inevitably aggravate the drought, and sometimes it is better not to water.
Q: Under what circumstances can I not water? Experts: First, for the wheat in the northern region has not yet returned to green, the surface of the wheat field has not been frozen, and no water is given. The second is to check the wheat fields that have been regreened, and to inspect the wheat fields whose dry soil is less than 3 cm and have been poured with frozen water. For the slightly dried topsoil and small slag, the method of suppression can be used.
Q: In the case of serious watering that must be watered, what measures should be taken to prevent cracks in the wheat field?
Experts: The wheat field with severe drought is under the support of the government and strives for watering conditions. As for the amount of water, it depends on the seedlings and the way of irrigation. The weak seedlings in the rejuvenation period should not be large water. Excessive water volume will cause the soil layer to cool rapidly and not ventilate, which is not conducive to the growth of wheat roots and the cultivation of strong seedlings. As for whether or not fertilization depends on the seedlings and the fertilization basis of the year before, the wheat fields that have not been fertilized before winter are used, and the green fertilizer is properly applied in conjunction with the watering, and the urea should not be used only. In the case of high yield and weak seedlings, the supplement of phosphate fertilizer should be considered. Nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium sulphate, both of which are younger than urea. The amount of urea used does not have to be too much at a time (10 to 15 kg/mu). No matter whether it is urea or ammonium carbonate, do not apply topsoil, and apply water after fertilization.
Q: Why do you have to draw after watering? Does it mean that there is another crack in the wheat field?
Expert: Yes. After watering, the water seeps into the soil layer. When the surface soil is 2~3 cm, the soil must be slashed. It can be used with nails and the working depth is 3~5 cm. The function is to loosen the topsoil, crush the clods, break the knots, strengthen the ventilation, level the ground, mix the fertilizers, remove the weeds, and make the root layer soil structure become the virtual state. It is beneficial to the roots of the preserved and wheat, and promotes the strong seedlings.
In short, the concept and method of drought resistance is not just about using irrigation to solve the drought. Soil cultivation is an important water storage and conservation measure that has been used frequently in China's agriculture since ancient times. Modern water-saving agriculture needs to be deepened and understood.
(Senior Consultant of Sinofert, Professor of China Agricultural University, Cao Yiping)
Farmers Daily
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