2.1 Laying of vertical embedded pipelines in structural walls 2.1.1 Laying of masonry structures Masonry structures are mainly wall columns made of mortar and blocks, which are block masonry and stone masonry. And the collective name of the brickwork structure. When laying or laying pipelines on the bearing walls of masonry structures, the following requirements must be observed: The buried pipelines cannot be on the load-bearing walls of the section with a length of not more than 500 mm, in the independent columns, and should not be in the walls. Walking through dark lines or setting up trenches for excavation, if it cannot be avoided, must take corresponding measures. It is also possible to check the bearing capacity of the wall based on the weakened section. For a cut masonry with less force or no perforations, the pipeline can be set in vertical holes in the wall. When the dark pipe is buried on the wall, it must have a depth. When the slot is too much, it will affect the wall of the building, and at the same time it will affect the main structure. However, if it is too shallow, the connection of the pipe box will be adversely affected. In addition to this, the inner wall of the building is also subject to the phenomenon of co-channel cracks. Therefore, the depth of burying should be appropriate. Not only must the line pipe be protected, but also the structural quality of the building must not be affected. When fired, the protective layer of the line pipe should be made of cement mortar with a strength level higher than M10, and the thickness of the plaster should be greater than 15mm. 2.1.2 The infill wall of the line pipe embedded in the concrete wall in the concrete structure is only responsible for the The self weight of the wall itself, under normal circumstances, common fly ash concrete hollow blocks, aerated concrete blocks, etc., this material is characterized by light weight, low strength, even in the event of damage, but also on the main structure No effect. Therefore, the pre-embedded on the filler wall only needs to be considered for crack resistance, sound insulation and other factors. It is better not to exceed 1/2 of the wall thickness for the groove in the filler wall. 2.2 Horizontal embedded pipelines in cast-in-place concrete floors It is buried in the actual construction, and the laying of electrical lines in concrete is still relatively simple. In the design of concrete structures, full consideration should be given to the influence of pipeline laying on the concrete structure. Line laying usually reduces the section size of the concrete. If the dark pipe is not properly disposed, it will not only affect the safety of the structure, but also cause concrete cracking.
The treatment of concrete cracking at the line pipe site is usually considered from the design point of view. The electric line pipe is preferably made of steel pipe. The line pipe is preferably arranged in the middle and lower part of the cast-in-place plate and passes through the middle of the double-layer steel mesh.
3 lightning protection and grounding design 3.1 roof structure and lightning receptor lightning protection design of the former only technical and effective attention in two aspects, but with the current variety of construction materials, making the complex architectural forms, Therefore, the overall requirements for lightning rods are gradually becoming more complicated and more difficult. At the same time, coupled with people's pursuit of appearance, it also increases the difficulty of the lightning rod design. If the building's own steel bars are used as the air-termination device, it is necessary to weld at the key parts of the structural steel reinforcements, such as the column steel bars and the beam steel bar binding points, so that the requirements for the formation of electrical pathways can be met. Highlight non-metallic materials on the roof, according to the provisions of GB50057-94 should be installed with a lightning receptor and connected with the roof lightning protection device.
In addition to this, some of the more common problems we tend to overlook, such as flagpoles, solar water heaters, billboards, etc., are very prone to failures. In particular, attention should be paid to lightning protection design in these places.
3.2 The use of concrete columns and wall anchors as lightning deflectors will require a certain number of reinforced concrete columns in various types of structures, such as structural columns in masonry structures, frame columns in concrete structures, Shear wall and so on, column diameter in accordance with the provisions of the building seismic design code GB50054-2010 Article 7.3.2 provides, in the framework of the frame column reinforcement is usually more than 04 can be used to meet the rebar; GB50057-94 in Section 3.3. Requirements of Clause 5 and Article 4.2.1 (The connection form of the bar in the column is usually ligatured, welded and mechanically connected. According to the electrical specification (GB50169-92), the connection of the lightning conductor is lap welding, and the overlap length is round steel. At 6 times the diameter, it is forbidden to use rebar instead of round steel as lap reinforcement.
4 Quality control of building electrical equipment and building structure The quality of building electrical equipment will have a very important impact on the overall building quality. Therefore, it must be based on the current national electrical engineering installation and acceptance standards, and based on the design drawings and related technologies. The documents can only be constructed after the approval of the construction organization design. If there is a contradiction between the electrical design drawings and the architectural structure professional or other professional drawings in the installation and construction, the designer should carry out a timely and coordinated solution. During the construction process, strict quality supervision should be carried out to effectively control the construction quality of each link, and quality control of key processes should be strengthened. In particular, some details should focus on control and inspection. In addition, attention is paid to the management and construction of technical management personnel. Only by establishing a comprehensive quality assurance system and continuously improving the quality and professional capabilities of technical management personnel, and implementing effective management and control at each stage of the construction, can construction quality be improved. , and then build a quality project.
5 Conclusion In the design and construction of building electrical equipment, not only to ensure the smooth progress of the project, but also to ensure that the review of drawings can be passed on time. In addition, we must fully grasp the points of engineering electrical design, and then increase the efficiency of the use of equipment, and then meet the needs of the function of the building.
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