The top dressing of the crop root has the advantages of quick fertilizer efficiency, high utilization rate, convenient application, remarkable effect, and fertilizer saving. But to be scientific and reasonable, you must master the following:
1. Fertilizer varieties should be suitable: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, superphosphate, potassium sulfate, ash leaching solution and some micro-fertilizers are better for root-dressing, while chloride-containing, volatile and poorly soluble fertilizers such as carbon Ammonium, ammonium chloride, calcium magnesium phosphate, etc. should not be used.
Second, the appropriate concentration of spraying: the appropriate concentration of top dressing: urea 0.5% ~ 2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3 ~ 0.5%, ammonium sulfate 0.2% ~ 9.3%, borax 0.1 ~ 0.2%, zinc sulfate 0.1 ~ 0.4% The concentration of different crops varies, the concentration of vegetables is slightly higher, and the concentration of fruit trees is slightly lower. Under normal circumstances, the concentration should not be increased arbitrarily to avoid causing fat damage.
Third, the amount of spray liquid should be sufficient: according to the crop type, the growth period to determine, the best when the fertilizer liquid will flow from the leaf surface but not shed. Generally, the fertilizer is 50-75 kg.
Fourth, the number of spraying should not be too small: even if 1% of the urea solution is sprayed, the amount of the mu is only 2 kg of urea. This amount is much lower than the demand for crops, so it must be sprayed continuously for 2 to 3 times at intervals of 7 to 10 days.
Fifth, we must choose the time of spraying fertilizer: the top dressing should be carried out in the damp weather to ensure that the leaves are wet for 30 to 60 minutes. To spray before 10 o'clock in the morning and after 5 o'clock in the afternoon, the windless cloudy sky can be sprayed all day.
Sixth, spraying in the critical period of crops: Different crops have different requirements for various fertilizers, so they should be flexible. For example, rice and wheat should be in the heading stage, rapeseed, peanuts and sesame should be in the initial flowering stage, and corn and sorghum should be sprayed in the filling stage. In addition, when there is some de-fertilization condition in the crop, it should be sprayed in time.
7. The spraying part should be used properly: the fertilizer should be sprayed on the young stems and leaves of the crop. The dicotyledonous plants are sprayed as much as possible on the back side, and the monocotyledonous plants are sprayed on both sides and are mainly positive.
8. Pay attention to reasonable mixing: Mixing two or more kinds of fertilizers can improve fertilizer efficiency; mixing fertilizers and pesticides can improve work efficiency. It should be noted that alkaline and acidic fertilizers and pesticides that react may not be mixed.
Nine, the fertilizer should be sprayed evenly: the fertilizer should be fully stirred, the spray should be even, not leaking, and it should not be sprayed repeatedly during the same spraying process.
X. Add active agent: Add a small amount of active agent (such as neutral soap, washing powder, etc.) to the fertilizer to reduce the surface tension of the fertilizer solution, increase the contact area between the fertilizer solution and the blade, and improve the spraying effect.
1. Fertilizer varieties should be suitable: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, superphosphate, potassium sulfate, ash leaching solution and some micro-fertilizers are better for root-dressing, while chloride-containing, volatile and poorly soluble fertilizers such as carbon Ammonium, ammonium chloride, calcium magnesium phosphate, etc. should not be used.
Second, the appropriate concentration of spraying: the appropriate concentration of top dressing: urea 0.5% ~ 2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3 ~ 0.5%, ammonium sulfate 0.2% ~ 9.3%, borax 0.1 ~ 0.2%, zinc sulfate 0.1 ~ 0.4% The concentration of different crops varies, the concentration of vegetables is slightly higher, and the concentration of fruit trees is slightly lower. Under normal circumstances, the concentration should not be increased arbitrarily to avoid causing fat damage.
Third, the amount of spray liquid should be sufficient: according to the crop type, the growth period to determine, the best when the fertilizer liquid will flow from the leaf surface but not shed. Generally, the fertilizer is 50-75 kg.
Fourth, the number of spraying should not be too small: even if 1% of the urea solution is sprayed, the amount of the mu is only 2 kg of urea. This amount is much lower than the demand for crops, so it must be sprayed continuously for 2 to 3 times at intervals of 7 to 10 days.
Fifth, we must choose the time of spraying fertilizer: the top dressing should be carried out in the damp weather to ensure that the leaves are wet for 30 to 60 minutes. To spray before 10 o'clock in the morning and after 5 o'clock in the afternoon, the windless cloudy sky can be sprayed all day.
Sixth, spraying in the critical period of crops: Different crops have different requirements for various fertilizers, so they should be flexible. For example, rice and wheat should be in the heading stage, rapeseed, peanuts and sesame should be in the initial flowering stage, and corn and sorghum should be sprayed in the filling stage. In addition, when there is some de-fertilization condition in the crop, it should be sprayed in time.
7. The spraying part should be used properly: the fertilizer should be sprayed on the young stems and leaves of the crop. The dicotyledonous plants are sprayed as much as possible on the back side, and the monocotyledonous plants are sprayed on both sides and are mainly positive.
8. Pay attention to reasonable mixing: Mixing two or more kinds of fertilizers can improve fertilizer efficiency; mixing fertilizers and pesticides can improve work efficiency. It should be noted that alkaline and acidic fertilizers and pesticides that react may not be mixed.
Nine, the fertilizer should be sprayed evenly: the fertilizer should be fully stirred, the spray should be even, not leaking, and it should not be sprayed repeatedly during the same spraying process.
X. Add active agent: Add a small amount of active agent (such as neutral soap, washing powder, etc.) to the fertilizer to reduce the surface tension of the fertilizer solution, increase the contact area between the fertilizer solution and the blade, and improve the spraying effect.
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