In the production, if long-term, single, repeated use of a pesticide to control the same pests and diseases, there will be a significant decline in the efficacy of the drug, or even invalid, this phenomenon is called disease-resistant insects have developed resistance. The resistance of pests and diseases not only has a serious negative impact on the efficacy of pesticides, but also increases production costs, reduces the control effect, causes losses to production, and also pollutes the soil environment and destroys the ecological balance. The following points must be observed when using pesticides.
1. Rotation (alternating) medication. A single variety of pesticides will induce drug resistance, and long-term, single use of the same agent should be avoided in production. The use of biological pesticides, antibiotics and pesticides in rotation can block the formation of resistant populations in biological populations. Alternate medication is the use of pesticides with completely different mechanisms of action during a certain growth period of the plant. Alternate medication can improve the effectiveness of the treatment, but also extend the useful life of some excellent pesticides. For example, pesticides such as organophosphorus preparations, pyrethroid preparations, carbamate preparations, organic nitrogen preparations, and biological preparations have different mechanisms of action. Pesticides in the same type of preparations can also be used interchangeably, but it is necessary to understand whether there is cross-resistance between them. For example, after the mites have become resistant to dimethoate, dichlorvos can not be used, because mites can also produce dichlorvos. Resistant, but you can choose to kill pine. In the fungicide, general systemic fungicides are more likely to cause drug resistance, such as benzimidazole insecticides (carbendazim, thiophanate, etc.), antibiotic fungicides, etc.; but contact fungicides are not easy to cause Resistance, so the best combination of rotation, such as Daisen, inorganic sulfur, copper preparations are better round varieties.
2. Reasonably mixed. Mixing the agents with different modes of action and mechanism can also slow down the rate of drug resistance, which is a good way to overcome the resistance of pests; and can cure multiple pests and diseases, enhance the efficacy, reduce the amount of pesticides, and reduce costs. For example, after resistance to pyrethroid pesticides, the combination of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides can have a de facto inhibitory effect on pest resistance. Mixed use, the combination of two different modes of action and different mechanisms can also reduce the occurrence of drug resistance. Single-point pesticides are mixed with traditional pesticides with multiple points, and the effect is better. In addition, such as the combination of dystrophic Acid and mancozeb, mixed with carbendazim and sterilized dan, mixed with organophosphate and pyrethroid. However, mixed pesticides can not be used for a long time or in a single use. It is necessary to rotate the medicines. Otherwise, it will also cause drug resistance. At the same time, it may cause harmful organisms to simultaneously develop resistance to various pesticides.
3. Intermittent medication. If a pesticide has been found to be highly resistant, it should be discontinued or discontinued. When a pesticide has already caused drug resistance, if it is stopped for a period of time, the drug resistance phenomenon may gradually decrease or even disappear. For example, the resistance caused by monocrotophos can be basically eliminated after several years of inactivity.
4. Scientific application. It is essential that the effective dose and deposition distribution of the agent in the field are uniform. For different plants and different pests, appropriate application techniques should be used to evenly distribute the agent on the plant. And increase the number of times of administration, so as to obtain better control effect in a smaller amount. In addition, bad weather, such as cloudy days, try not to use medicine before the rain, reduce repeated medication.
5. Apply synergists. Synergists can increase the biological activity of pesticides and improve drug efficacy. Therefore, adding a certain amount of synergist to some pesticides can also delay or overcome the resistance of pests. For example, 21% of the synergistic cyanoma cream is compounded by malathion and fenvalerate and added synergistically. Made. The advantage of this synergistic compounded emulsifiable concentrate is that it can significantly improve the efficacy of the drug, especially to effectively avoid pest and disease resistance.
6. Adhere to the comprehensive prevention and control law. The occurrence of diseases is related to various factors such as soil, climate, cultivation management, etc. Therefore, a single control measure, especially chemical control, is easy to produce drug resistance and the effect is not good. In the prevention and control of pests and diseases, it should be based on agricultural prevention and control. Cultivation and management of human hands, organic control of biological control, biological control, physical (manual) prevention and control, comprehensive prevention and control, to overcome the dependence on production and control of production, in order to achieve the purpose of inhibiting and preventing drug resistance.
1. Rotation (alternating) medication. A single variety of pesticides will induce drug resistance, and long-term, single use of the same agent should be avoided in production. The use of biological pesticides, antibiotics and pesticides in rotation can block the formation of resistant populations in biological populations. Alternate medication is the use of pesticides with completely different mechanisms of action during a certain growth period of the plant. Alternate medication can improve the effectiveness of the treatment, but also extend the useful life of some excellent pesticides. For example, pesticides such as organophosphorus preparations, pyrethroid preparations, carbamate preparations, organic nitrogen preparations, and biological preparations have different mechanisms of action. Pesticides in the same type of preparations can also be used interchangeably, but it is necessary to understand whether there is cross-resistance between them. For example, after the mites have become resistant to dimethoate, dichlorvos can not be used, because mites can also produce dichlorvos. Resistant, but you can choose to kill pine. In the fungicide, general systemic fungicides are more likely to cause drug resistance, such as benzimidazole insecticides (carbendazim, thiophanate, etc.), antibiotic fungicides, etc.; but contact fungicides are not easy to cause Resistance, so the best combination of rotation, such as Daisen, inorganic sulfur, copper preparations are better round varieties.
2. Reasonably mixed. Mixing the agents with different modes of action and mechanism can also slow down the rate of drug resistance, which is a good way to overcome the resistance of pests; and can cure multiple pests and diseases, enhance the efficacy, reduce the amount of pesticides, and reduce costs. For example, after resistance to pyrethroid pesticides, the combination of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides can have a de facto inhibitory effect on pest resistance. Mixed use, the combination of two different modes of action and different mechanisms can also reduce the occurrence of drug resistance. Single-point pesticides are mixed with traditional pesticides with multiple points, and the effect is better. In addition, such as the combination of dystrophic Acid and mancozeb, mixed with carbendazim and sterilized dan, mixed with organophosphate and pyrethroid. However, mixed pesticides can not be used for a long time or in a single use. It is necessary to rotate the medicines. Otherwise, it will also cause drug resistance. At the same time, it may cause harmful organisms to simultaneously develop resistance to various pesticides.
3. Intermittent medication. If a pesticide has been found to be highly resistant, it should be discontinued or discontinued. When a pesticide has already caused drug resistance, if it is stopped for a period of time, the drug resistance phenomenon may gradually decrease or even disappear. For example, the resistance caused by monocrotophos can be basically eliminated after several years of inactivity.
4. Scientific application. It is essential that the effective dose and deposition distribution of the agent in the field are uniform. For different plants and different pests, appropriate application techniques should be used to evenly distribute the agent on the plant. And increase the number of times of administration, so as to obtain better control effect in a smaller amount. In addition, bad weather, such as cloudy days, try not to use medicine before the rain, reduce repeated medication.
5. Apply synergists. Synergists can increase the biological activity of pesticides and improve drug efficacy. Therefore, adding a certain amount of synergist to some pesticides can also delay or overcome the resistance of pests. For example, 21% of the synergistic cyanoma cream is compounded by malathion and fenvalerate and added synergistically. Made. The advantage of this synergistic compounded emulsifiable concentrate is that it can significantly improve the efficacy of the drug, especially to effectively avoid pest and disease resistance.
6. Adhere to the comprehensive prevention and control law. The occurrence of diseases is related to various factors such as soil, climate, cultivation management, etc. Therefore, a single control measure, especially chemical control, is easy to produce drug resistance and the effect is not good. In the prevention and control of pests and diseases, it should be based on agricultural prevention and control. Cultivation and management of human hands, organic control of biological control, biological control, physical (manual) prevention and control, comprehensive prevention and control, to overcome the dependence on production and control of production, in order to achieve the purpose of inhibiting and preventing drug resistance.
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