Chemical control is the main measure to control vegetable pests and diseases, which can greatly reduce the cost of pest control and reduce the pollution of pesticides to the environment. It is an important way and inevitable choice for rural construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly society.
1. Reasonable rotation
Rotation is the most simple, economic and effective measure to prevent, control or alleviate certain diseases and insect pests of vegetables, and it is beneficial to regulate and improve soil physical and chemical properties and coordinate the utilization of soil moisture and nutrients. The rotation cycle is generally 2.3 years.
2. Reasonable intercropping
The combination of vegetables and certain crops in a form of intercropping, intercropping or blending can often control or alleviate the occurrence of certain pests and diseases, and thus receive the effect of “no pesticides, pesticidesâ€. Corn and spicy (green) pepper intercropping, due to the shading effect of corn, pepper sunburn and viral diseases are reduced by 72% compared with single cropping; corn and green pepper intercropping can reduce green pepper virus disease by 56.9%; Cucumber can reduce cucumber mosaic disease by 61.6%; corn intercropping cabbage, because the field temperature is lower than 0.5°C in single field, and the ground temperature is reduced by 2°C, which can reduce cabbage virus disease by more than 20% and white spot disease by 18%. %, cabbage soft rot, downy mildew is also significantly reduced; potato and garlic intercropping, can inhibit the occurrence of potato late blight; melon and tomato plant together, can significantly reduce tomato rot disease; Carrots are planted together, and their respective odors can expel mutual pests; planting cabbage with garlic can reduce the soft rot of cabbage by 62.5%; intercropping between Chinese cabbage and leeks can make the harm of soft rot of cabbage obvious. Lighten; cabbage, cabbage and other cruciferous vegetables ask seedlings, tomatoes or mint, the latter emits a pungent odor that can avoid the cabbages that lay eggs on cruciferous vegetables to avoid; in the vineyard
3. Treating live insects with dead insects
Pick 100 grams of cabbage caterpillar per acre, mash and rot, 250 ml of water, add 50 grams of washing powder, and then 50 kg of water, and mix 0.2% of the vegetable body fluid, spray to control cabbage caterpillar, the effect can reach up to the above.
4. Insecticide
The use of corn flour as the main medium for breeding and breeding of the genus Corydalis to control the greenhouse whitefly, the parasitic rate of the whitefly nymphs can reach more than 80%.
5. Antibiotic treatment
10% Liuyangmycin EC has a strong contact effect on mites, with a shelf life of 7 days, which is safe for natural enemies. 10% Liuyangmycin EC 1000 times solution, spray in the early stage of leaf blast, spray once every 7 days, even spray 2 to 3 times, the control effect can reach 85 ~ 90%.
6. Pile of grass trapping
Using the habit of living under the thin layer of haystacks, the small haystacks with a thickness of 10-20 cm are evenly placed in the field in a row of 5 meters and 3 meters, and the grass is concentrated in the next day; if it is in the haystack Put some poison baits below or use a wooden stick with a diameter of 3-5 cm to form a cave. The effect is better. But it is very suitable for use in vegetable fields.
7. Yellow board trap
Aphids, whitefly, etc. have a strong tendency to yellow, and yellow plates can be set to trap adults. The method is: cut the fiberboard or cardboard into strips of 1×0.2 meters, paint them into orange peel yellow, and then apply a layer of viscous oil (mixed with No. 10 oil and a little butter), 32-34 pieces per mu. Place between rows to make the bottom of the yellow plate level or slightly higher than the top of the plant. When the mites, whiteflies, etc. are stuck on the surface, it is necessary to reapply the viscous oil in time, and it can be reapplied once every 7-10 days.
8. Sexual hormone homing
Synthetic sex hormones (called "sex attractants"), crude extracts of sexual pheromones, and direct use of unmarried live females. The use of female moths to trap and kill is easy to operate, low in cost, easy to promote, and the application effect is obvious when the amount of insects is small. The practice is: use a 50-60 mesh insect net to make a circular cage 10 cm long and 3 cm in diameter, and put 1 or 2 unfinished female moths in each cage (you can first collect the females in the field and put them in the cage). Inside, after feathering, use the cage to hang on the basin. The basin contains water and a little kerosene. After dusk, it is placed in the field, and many male moths can be trapped every night.
9. Treating insects with fertilizer
Urea has the function of destroying chitin of insects, and is mixed with urea, washing powder and water in a ratio of 4:1:400. It is a mixture of bacteria, flowers, aphids, cabbage caterpillars, red spiders, etc. A variety of pests have a good control effect; in the spawning period of cabbage caterpillar, spray with 1 ~ 3% lime water or 1-3% calcium perphosphate leaching solution, can avoid more than 52% within one week, the effect on the fifth day can reach 84% .
1. Reasonable rotation
Rotation is the most simple, economic and effective measure to prevent, control or alleviate certain diseases and insect pests of vegetables, and it is beneficial to regulate and improve soil physical and chemical properties and coordinate the utilization of soil moisture and nutrients. The rotation cycle is generally 2.3 years.
2. Reasonable intercropping
The combination of vegetables and certain crops in a form of intercropping, intercropping or blending can often control or alleviate the occurrence of certain pests and diseases, and thus receive the effect of “no pesticides, pesticidesâ€. Corn and spicy (green) pepper intercropping, due to the shading effect of corn, pepper sunburn and viral diseases are reduced by 72% compared with single cropping; corn and green pepper intercropping can reduce green pepper virus disease by 56.9%; Cucumber can reduce cucumber mosaic disease by 61.6%; corn intercropping cabbage, because the field temperature is lower than 0.5°C in single field, and the ground temperature is reduced by 2°C, which can reduce cabbage virus disease by more than 20% and white spot disease by 18%. %, cabbage soft rot, downy mildew is also significantly reduced; potato and garlic intercropping, can inhibit the occurrence of potato late blight; melon and tomato plant together, can significantly reduce tomato rot disease; Carrots are planted together, and their respective odors can expel mutual pests; planting cabbage with garlic can reduce the soft rot of cabbage by 62.5%; intercropping between Chinese cabbage and leeks can make the harm of soft rot of cabbage obvious. Lighten; cabbage, cabbage and other cruciferous vegetables ask seedlings, tomatoes or mint, the latter emits a pungent odor that can avoid the cabbages that lay eggs on cruciferous vegetables to avoid; in the vineyard
3. Treating live insects with dead insects
Pick 100 grams of cabbage caterpillar per acre, mash and rot, 250 ml of water, add 50 grams of washing powder, and then 50 kg of water, and mix 0.2% of the vegetable body fluid, spray to control cabbage caterpillar, the effect can reach up to the above.
4. Insecticide
The use of corn flour as the main medium for breeding and breeding of the genus Corydalis to control the greenhouse whitefly, the parasitic rate of the whitefly nymphs can reach more than 80%.
5. Antibiotic treatment
10% Liuyangmycin EC has a strong contact effect on mites, with a shelf life of 7 days, which is safe for natural enemies. 10% Liuyangmycin EC 1000 times solution, spray in the early stage of leaf blast, spray once every 7 days, even spray 2 to 3 times, the control effect can reach 85 ~ 90%.
6. Pile of grass trapping
Using the habit of living under the thin layer of haystacks, the small haystacks with a thickness of 10-20 cm are evenly placed in the field in a row of 5 meters and 3 meters, and the grass is concentrated in the next day; if it is in the haystack Put some poison baits below or use a wooden stick with a diameter of 3-5 cm to form a cave. The effect is better. But it is very suitable for use in vegetable fields.
7. Yellow board trap
Aphids, whitefly, etc. have a strong tendency to yellow, and yellow plates can be set to trap adults. The method is: cut the fiberboard or cardboard into strips of 1×0.2 meters, paint them into orange peel yellow, and then apply a layer of viscous oil (mixed with No. 10 oil and a little butter), 32-34 pieces per mu. Place between rows to make the bottom of the yellow plate level or slightly higher than the top of the plant. When the mites, whiteflies, etc. are stuck on the surface, it is necessary to reapply the viscous oil in time, and it can be reapplied once every 7-10 days.
8. Sexual hormone homing
Synthetic sex hormones (called "sex attractants"), crude extracts of sexual pheromones, and direct use of unmarried live females. The use of female moths to trap and kill is easy to operate, low in cost, easy to promote, and the application effect is obvious when the amount of insects is small. The practice is: use a 50-60 mesh insect net to make a circular cage 10 cm long and 3 cm in diameter, and put 1 or 2 unfinished female moths in each cage (you can first collect the females in the field and put them in the cage). Inside, after feathering, use the cage to hang on the basin. The basin contains water and a little kerosene. After dusk, it is placed in the field, and many male moths can be trapped every night.
9. Treating insects with fertilizer
Urea has the function of destroying chitin of insects, and is mixed with urea, washing powder and water in a ratio of 4:1:400. It is a mixture of bacteria, flowers, aphids, cabbage caterpillars, red spiders, etc. A variety of pests have a good control effect; in the spawning period of cabbage caterpillar, spray with 1 ~ 3% lime water or 1-3% calcium perphosphate leaching solution, can avoid more than 52% within one week, the effect on the fifth day can reach 84% .
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