The characteristic of laser welding is that the workpiece to be welded has very little deformation, almost no joint gap, and the welding depth/width ratio is high, so the welding quality is higher than the conventional welding method. However, such as ensuring the quality of laser welding, that is, laser welding process monitoring and quality control is an important part of the field of laser utilization, including the use of various sensors such as inductors, capacitors, sound waves, photoelectrics, etc., through electronic computer processing, for different welding Objects and requirements, such as weld seam tracking, defect detection, weld quality monitoring and other projects, through the feedback control to adjust the welding process parameters, thus achieving automated laser welding.
In laser welding, the beam focus position is one of the most critical control process parameters. At a certain laser power and welding speed, only the focus is in the optimal position range to obtain the maximum penetration depth and good weld shape. In actual laser welding, in order to avoid and reduce the factors affecting the stability of the focus position, special clamping and equipment technology is required. The accuracy of this equipment is complementary to the quality of laser welding.
In the automotive industry, laser technology is mainly used for body welding, welding and parts welding. Laser tailor welding is in the design and manufacture of the body. According to the different design and performance requirements of the body, steel plates of different specifications are selected. The laser cutting and assembling technology is used to complete the manufacture of a certain part of the body, such as the front windshield frame and the inner door panel. , underbody, center column, etc. Laser tailor welding has the advantages of reducing the number of parts and molds, reducing the number of spot welds, optimizing material usage, reducing part weight, reducing costs and increasing dimensional accuracy. It has been adopted by many major automakers and component suppliers. Laser welding is mainly used for the welding of body frame structures, such as the welding of the top cover and the side body. The resistance spot welding of the conventional welding method has been gradually replaced by laser welding. With laser welding technology, the width of the joint between the workpiece joints can be reduced, which reduces the amount of sheet used and increases the rigidity of the body. Laser welding parts, the welding parts of the parts are almost no deformation, the welding speed is fast, and there is no need for post-weld heat treatment. Currently, laser welding parts have been widely used, which are commonly found in transmission gears, valve lifters, door hinges, and the like.
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