Plug-in hybrid vehicles, pure electric vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles are three-horsepower vehicles for new energy vehicles, and purely electric vehicles have become increasingly clear as the technical route for the development of new energy vehicles in China. The dispute over the so-called new energy vehicle technology line seems to be ending.
However, the market performance of pure electric vehicles seems to be somewhat overwhelming. According to reports, in Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Changchun, Hefei and other cities, pure electric vehicles are "small thunder and rain," 4S shop basically no goods, it is very difficult to buy a car. The number of Shanghai-registered electric vehicles is very small, and domestic sales of the new energy auto brand BYD F3DM have only a few hundred units. In fact, even in the industry, the sound that people hear is not the same. In an interview with this reporter, Yan Zijian, deputy director of the Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicle Major Project Office of the “863 Program†of the Ministry of Science and Technology, bluntly stated: “The conclusion of the technical line debate is yet to be clarified!â€
The ten-year plan of facing the wall to talk about the development of China's new energy vehicles, we can not fail to mention the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" national 863 plan "electric vehicle major special projects." In October 2001, Wan Gang, the Minister of Science and Technology, led an expert on automotive special projects. He creatively proposed the “three vertical and three horizontal†as the core of the electric vehicle specialization according to the laws of automobile product development and the characteristics of electric vehicle power system technology research and development and industrialization. Matrix R & D system and the corresponding project management model. The so-called "three verticals" are fuel cell vehicles, hybrid vehicles and pure electric vehicles. The so-called "three horizontal", that is, the three key components of electric vehicles: power battery (including fuel cell) system, motor drive system, multi-energy powertrain electronic control system.
According to Yan Zijian's introduction, the 863 Plan "Electric Vehicle Major Project" has invested a total of 880 million yuan in the country's investment, driving 2.4 billion yuan in industrial and local investment. According to the “three vertical and three horizontal†R&D layout, continuous support is provided for the key technologies of fuel cell vehicles, pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, power batteries, drive motors, and multi-energy powertrains. By the end of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, China's "three vertical and three horizontal" electric vehicle R&D layout was basically established. Hundreds of domestic research institutes conducted large-scale, planned, high-intensity electric vehicle technology research and completed the pre-phase technology of China's electric vehicle industry. The original innovation and integrated innovation.
During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, the National 863 Plan also launched the “Energy Saving and New Energy Vehicle Major Projectsâ€. It adhered to the “Three Vertical and Three Horizontal†R&D layout and project organization form. With the power system platform as the core, it continued to be electric to China. The key technologies of the whole vehicle and key components are supported. At the same time, the small-scale demonstration of electric vehicles is supported, and the national investment is allocated to 1.16 billion yuan. In general, the implementation of the “Project for Energy Saving and New Energy Vehicles†under the 863 Plan laid a solid foundation for leading electric vehicles to become strategic emerging industries.
At present, the "12th Five-Year Plan for Electric Vehicle Technology Development" has not yet been announced. The number of research funding for electric vehicles during the "12th Five-Year Plan" period has not yet been determined. However, Yan Zijian made it clear that electric vehicles have reached the stage of industrialization, and the demand for technology research and development has not been reduced, but has increased exponentially. Therefore, the Ministry of Science and Technology needs to increase the research and development of key technologies and demonstrate that there is an overall arrangement for funds. For example, he said: "In 2010, the target funding for the 863 Program's key technology and system integration project for electric vehicles was 850 million yuan, and the funds supporting the project 'Electric Vehicle Integration Demonstration and Support Platform Construction' were nearly 100 million yuan. The number of commercial vehicle projects is about 80 million yuan. Last year, the three projects totaled 1 billion yuan, while the research funding for the first two five-year plans was 880 million yuan and 1.16 billion yuan respectively. "The funding support for the five research needs of electric vehicles will increase over the previous two 'five years'."
The popularization of electric vehicles is not at hand. For electric vehicles, Honda Izo Takahashi, president of Honda Technology Co., Ltd., said in an interview: “Some people use electric vehicles as a kind of savior to protect the environment, but they are It seems that after 30 or 40 years, the battery's performance has been substantially changed and improved before it can be popularized, but I think it is very difficult to spread it in 20 years.†He believes that the electric vehicle bottleneck One of the battery's performance also requires a leap in the development process. The best battery life now has less than 500 kilometers of fuel capacity, and the performance of battery chemistry will decrease after repeated charging.
To a certain extent, Yan Zijian holds a similar view to Xiaodong Ito. On the contrary, people are more concerned about the charging problem of pure electric vehicles, he disapproved, that "charging piles and charging stations is only a partial problem, from a large perspective, is definitely not a problem of lagging charging facilities, charging problems can be through the community The project will be solved." "Why pure electric vehicles can't be promoted in large quantities? Actually, technology is far from the degree of promotion." Yanzi Jian further explained that "there are battery technologies and quality assurance problems in pure electric cars at home and abroad, indicating that the technology still needs to improve. The industry still needs to prepare. Because there are problems with batteries, electronic controls, and motors, we must have a long-term rational thinking about pure electric vehicles. Do not think that the technology is now mature." He told this reporter that foreign electric cars No large-scale use, because the depot must consider whether there is no fault in the long distance, the economic cost of the battery is cost-effective, so even BMW is taking the road of leasing. He said: “Depots need to demonstrate whether their own vehicle quality is guaranteed through demonstrations, whether the technology is excellent, and whether the business model is applicable. Otherwise, manufacturers will face great social responsibility risks.â€
Yanzi Jian believes that the development of a vehicle model will take two to three years. Therefore, for electric vehicles, the government should not be quick and profitable, and the media should have peace of mind. It is necessary to actively promote the development of technology rather than blow it. He said: "Strategic emerging industries are determined to develop pure electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles, but they are one beat slower than hybrid vehicles because the problems that pure electric vehicles have to solve may be more." He said that China is developing pure electric vehicles. The car has the advantage of electricity. According to estimates, there will be 200 million passenger cars in 2020. The power consumption will only account for 6% of the total capacity of the year, and pure electric vehicles represent a major change in the automotive industry. We should engage in pure electric vehicles. However, he admitted that many people in China currently have a misunderstanding about pure electric vehicles. Compared with foreign cars, China has certain advantages in the field of pure electric vehicles, at least not as big as other automobile branches, so if Focusing on pure electric vehicles will have little competition. Yan Zijian said: “While research on pure electric vehicles in Europe and the United States has basically started in 2006, due to the strong research and development capabilities of foreign auto companies and their strong engineering and manufacturing capabilities, China’s pure electric vehicles are used in China. The competition facing auto companies remains fierce."
Technological development should be diversified In the entire strategy of China's new energy vehicles, pure electric vehicles should be a key direction. This is undoubtedly true, but we should not be so different. Yan Zijian said: "We are faced with a diversified market, so we can't negate the development direction of hybrid power because pure electric cars are important!"
In fact, some things are ridiculous in the so-called line of new energy vehicles. At the beginning of the development of new energy vehicles in China, “three vertical and three horizontal†included pure electric vehicles in our research. However, pure electric vehicles were not attacked in Europe and America in the early years. of. At that time, some experts said that people did not engage in it. Why did we do it? We should engage in fuel cells and hybrid power like the United States. In recent years, Europe and the United States started to engage in pure electric power. Therefore, some people also followed the same trend. While supporting pure electric vehicles, they also completely negated the hybrid vehicles.
According to Yan Zijian's introduction, hybrid vehicles can save 20% to 30% of the oil, saving fuel and reducing emissions. At present, China's hybrid buses have produced more than 5,000 vehicles and one or two dozen vehicle and powertrain manufacturers. Due to the use of domestically produced systems, it naturally promotes technological innovation and industrial development of Chinese automobiles. He said: “Each country’s R&D details and R&D capabilities of the company are clearly there, and the gap between our basic technology and engineering capabilities is there. We have already achieved some results in hybrid vehicles. , we must vigorously support the further industrialization of hybrid vehicles!"
Yan Zijian believes that new energy vehicles are a kind of product and they are diversified products, and the corresponding transportation needs are also diversified. He said: “The source and the application are all diversified. Why do we have to artificially determine that we are going to explore a path? This is wrong. In the process of meeting the multiple needs, we must also add the time scale, according to the time. Different, taking different directions.†He stressed, “We must have a profound understanding of the technical route, three vertical and three horizontal, diversified development, according to different regions and different time development of different key models. In fact, the three The technical connectivity is very high. Therefore, there are only specific product strategy issues, and there is no problem with the so-called technical route!"
In fact, it is not Yan Jianjian who holds the above viewpoint.
Ito Takahiro has stated that hybrid vehicles are currently the most effective environmental protection technology from the perspective of current costs and maximization of results.
Guo Konghui, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a well-known automotive expert, also believes that as China vigorously develops pure electric vehicles, it should also give more support to some low-speed small new energy vehicles that are active in the urban and rural markets because it has been proved that such cars are welcomed by the market. There is great potential for future promotion.
Many industry experts agree that in the general direction of developing new energy vehicles, we must not only develop pure electric vehicles, but must also do a good job of overall development. In the final analysis, "The survival of each technology route is limited and it is not possible to put Bao into a certain type of vehicle."
As for the development of new energy vehicles, a strategic emerging industry, Yanzi Jian said a very persuasive word: “The breakthrough in new energy vehicles is not today, nor will it be tomorrow. We can only gradually reduce our efforts to work harder. The gap with foreign countries."
However, the market performance of pure electric vehicles seems to be somewhat overwhelming. According to reports, in Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Changchun, Hefei and other cities, pure electric vehicles are "small thunder and rain," 4S shop basically no goods, it is very difficult to buy a car. The number of Shanghai-registered electric vehicles is very small, and domestic sales of the new energy auto brand BYD F3DM have only a few hundred units. In fact, even in the industry, the sound that people hear is not the same. In an interview with this reporter, Yan Zijian, deputy director of the Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicle Major Project Office of the “863 Program†of the Ministry of Science and Technology, bluntly stated: “The conclusion of the technical line debate is yet to be clarified!â€
The ten-year plan of facing the wall to talk about the development of China's new energy vehicles, we can not fail to mention the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" national 863 plan "electric vehicle major special projects." In October 2001, Wan Gang, the Minister of Science and Technology, led an expert on automotive special projects. He creatively proposed the “three vertical and three horizontal†as the core of the electric vehicle specialization according to the laws of automobile product development and the characteristics of electric vehicle power system technology research and development and industrialization. Matrix R & D system and the corresponding project management model. The so-called "three verticals" are fuel cell vehicles, hybrid vehicles and pure electric vehicles. The so-called "three horizontal", that is, the three key components of electric vehicles: power battery (including fuel cell) system, motor drive system, multi-energy powertrain electronic control system.
According to Yan Zijian's introduction, the 863 Plan "Electric Vehicle Major Project" has invested a total of 880 million yuan in the country's investment, driving 2.4 billion yuan in industrial and local investment. According to the “three vertical and three horizontal†R&D layout, continuous support is provided for the key technologies of fuel cell vehicles, pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, power batteries, drive motors, and multi-energy powertrains. By the end of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, China's "three vertical and three horizontal" electric vehicle R&D layout was basically established. Hundreds of domestic research institutes conducted large-scale, planned, high-intensity electric vehicle technology research and completed the pre-phase technology of China's electric vehicle industry. The original innovation and integrated innovation.
During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, the National 863 Plan also launched the “Energy Saving and New Energy Vehicle Major Projectsâ€. It adhered to the “Three Vertical and Three Horizontal†R&D layout and project organization form. With the power system platform as the core, it continued to be electric to China. The key technologies of the whole vehicle and key components are supported. At the same time, the small-scale demonstration of electric vehicles is supported, and the national investment is allocated to 1.16 billion yuan. In general, the implementation of the “Project for Energy Saving and New Energy Vehicles†under the 863 Plan laid a solid foundation for leading electric vehicles to become strategic emerging industries.
At present, the "12th Five-Year Plan for Electric Vehicle Technology Development" has not yet been announced. The number of research funding for electric vehicles during the "12th Five-Year Plan" period has not yet been determined. However, Yan Zijian made it clear that electric vehicles have reached the stage of industrialization, and the demand for technology research and development has not been reduced, but has increased exponentially. Therefore, the Ministry of Science and Technology needs to increase the research and development of key technologies and demonstrate that there is an overall arrangement for funds. For example, he said: "In 2010, the target funding for the 863 Program's key technology and system integration project for electric vehicles was 850 million yuan, and the funds supporting the project 'Electric Vehicle Integration Demonstration and Support Platform Construction' were nearly 100 million yuan. The number of commercial vehicle projects is about 80 million yuan. Last year, the three projects totaled 1 billion yuan, while the research funding for the first two five-year plans was 880 million yuan and 1.16 billion yuan respectively. "The funding support for the five research needs of electric vehicles will increase over the previous two 'five years'."
The popularization of electric vehicles is not at hand. For electric vehicles, Honda Izo Takahashi, president of Honda Technology Co., Ltd., said in an interview: “Some people use electric vehicles as a kind of savior to protect the environment, but they are It seems that after 30 or 40 years, the battery's performance has been substantially changed and improved before it can be popularized, but I think it is very difficult to spread it in 20 years.†He believes that the electric vehicle bottleneck One of the battery's performance also requires a leap in the development process. The best battery life now has less than 500 kilometers of fuel capacity, and the performance of battery chemistry will decrease after repeated charging.
To a certain extent, Yan Zijian holds a similar view to Xiaodong Ito. On the contrary, people are more concerned about the charging problem of pure electric vehicles, he disapproved, that "charging piles and charging stations is only a partial problem, from a large perspective, is definitely not a problem of lagging charging facilities, charging problems can be through the community The project will be solved." "Why pure electric vehicles can't be promoted in large quantities? Actually, technology is far from the degree of promotion." Yanzi Jian further explained that "there are battery technologies and quality assurance problems in pure electric cars at home and abroad, indicating that the technology still needs to improve. The industry still needs to prepare. Because there are problems with batteries, electronic controls, and motors, we must have a long-term rational thinking about pure electric vehicles. Do not think that the technology is now mature." He told this reporter that foreign electric cars No large-scale use, because the depot must consider whether there is no fault in the long distance, the economic cost of the battery is cost-effective, so even BMW is taking the road of leasing. He said: “Depots need to demonstrate whether their own vehicle quality is guaranteed through demonstrations, whether the technology is excellent, and whether the business model is applicable. Otherwise, manufacturers will face great social responsibility risks.â€
Yanzi Jian believes that the development of a vehicle model will take two to three years. Therefore, for electric vehicles, the government should not be quick and profitable, and the media should have peace of mind. It is necessary to actively promote the development of technology rather than blow it. He said: "Strategic emerging industries are determined to develop pure electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles, but they are one beat slower than hybrid vehicles because the problems that pure electric vehicles have to solve may be more." He said that China is developing pure electric vehicles. The car has the advantage of electricity. According to estimates, there will be 200 million passenger cars in 2020. The power consumption will only account for 6% of the total capacity of the year, and pure electric vehicles represent a major change in the automotive industry. We should engage in pure electric vehicles. However, he admitted that many people in China currently have a misunderstanding about pure electric vehicles. Compared with foreign cars, China has certain advantages in the field of pure electric vehicles, at least not as big as other automobile branches, so if Focusing on pure electric vehicles will have little competition. Yan Zijian said: “While research on pure electric vehicles in Europe and the United States has basically started in 2006, due to the strong research and development capabilities of foreign auto companies and their strong engineering and manufacturing capabilities, China’s pure electric vehicles are used in China. The competition facing auto companies remains fierce."
Technological development should be diversified In the entire strategy of China's new energy vehicles, pure electric vehicles should be a key direction. This is undoubtedly true, but we should not be so different. Yan Zijian said: "We are faced with a diversified market, so we can't negate the development direction of hybrid power because pure electric cars are important!"
In fact, some things are ridiculous in the so-called line of new energy vehicles. At the beginning of the development of new energy vehicles in China, “three vertical and three horizontal†included pure electric vehicles in our research. However, pure electric vehicles were not attacked in Europe and America in the early years. of. At that time, some experts said that people did not engage in it. Why did we do it? We should engage in fuel cells and hybrid power like the United States. In recent years, Europe and the United States started to engage in pure electric power. Therefore, some people also followed the same trend. While supporting pure electric vehicles, they also completely negated the hybrid vehicles.
According to Yan Zijian's introduction, hybrid vehicles can save 20% to 30% of the oil, saving fuel and reducing emissions. At present, China's hybrid buses have produced more than 5,000 vehicles and one or two dozen vehicle and powertrain manufacturers. Due to the use of domestically produced systems, it naturally promotes technological innovation and industrial development of Chinese automobiles. He said: “Each country’s R&D details and R&D capabilities of the company are clearly there, and the gap between our basic technology and engineering capabilities is there. We have already achieved some results in hybrid vehicles. , we must vigorously support the further industrialization of hybrid vehicles!"
Yan Zijian believes that new energy vehicles are a kind of product and they are diversified products, and the corresponding transportation needs are also diversified. He said: “The source and the application are all diversified. Why do we have to artificially determine that we are going to explore a path? This is wrong. In the process of meeting the multiple needs, we must also add the time scale, according to the time. Different, taking different directions.†He stressed, “We must have a profound understanding of the technical route, three vertical and three horizontal, diversified development, according to different regions and different time development of different key models. In fact, the three The technical connectivity is very high. Therefore, there are only specific product strategy issues, and there is no problem with the so-called technical route!"
In fact, it is not Yan Jianjian who holds the above viewpoint.
Ito Takahiro has stated that hybrid vehicles are currently the most effective environmental protection technology from the perspective of current costs and maximization of results.
Guo Konghui, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a well-known automotive expert, also believes that as China vigorously develops pure electric vehicles, it should also give more support to some low-speed small new energy vehicles that are active in the urban and rural markets because it has been proved that such cars are welcomed by the market. There is great potential for future promotion.
Many industry experts agree that in the general direction of developing new energy vehicles, we must not only develop pure electric vehicles, but must also do a good job of overall development. In the final analysis, "The survival of each technology route is limited and it is not possible to put Bao into a certain type of vehicle."
As for the development of new energy vehicles, a strategic emerging industry, Yanzi Jian said a very persuasive word: “The breakthrough in new energy vehicles is not today, nor will it be tomorrow. We can only gradually reduce our efforts to work harder. The gap with foreign countries."
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