Applying the strong fruit fertilizer from July to September is one of the key links for the high quality and stable yield of citrus, and it is also an effective measure to prevent the citrus years. However, in production, there are many misunderstandings in the application of strong fruit fertilizer to citrus by the fruit farmers, which is counterproductive and affects the yield and quality of the fruit. Based on years of experience and lessons, the author summarizes the following misunderstandings.
The application of urea in the production of partial and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers is relatively high. According to the survey, in recent years, the orange orchard with single application of urea is about 40%, and it is used at will, which is often too large. It is not uncommon for the plant to apply urea more than 500 grams. Partial application and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, resulting in thickening and thickening of the peel, forming inferior coarse skin large fruit; delayed coloration, a large number of green fruits; poor flavor, decreased juice rate, especially the taste is sour, unbearable. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can significantly promote fruit acid reduction and sugar-increasing effects, and can promote the expansion of citrus fruits. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and control the application of nitrogen fertilizers. If necessary, supplement the medium or trace elements to achieve balanced fertilization. 6-10 year old result tree 200-300 grams of NPK compound fertilizer in July, 2 kg of cake fertilizer in September, 100 grams of urea; 10 years of adult fruit tree, July application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer 300-400 Gram, in September, the plant fertilizer was 3-4 kg and the urea was 200 g. Red soil soil orange gardens should also pay attention to the application of calcium fertilizer, about 150 kg per mu, which can increase production by more than 10%.
After the application of the farmyard manure is not fully decomposed, the unfertilized pig manure, cake fertilizer, chicken manure and other farmyard manures are applied, and a large amount of heat is released during the fermentation process, causing roots, dead roots and even dead trees. At the same time, the unfertilized pig cow dung contains a large number of parasitic eggs, causing environmental pollution. In addition, excessive application of unfertilized farmyard manure can also cause microbial nitrogen uptake. Therefore, pig manure, chicken manure and other manure should be applied to the orange orchard after being completely decomposed by stacking and fermenting; the cake fertilizer can be soaked in water for 7-10 days or mixed with human excrement and used until fully decomposed.
Improper fertilization position Some orange farmers apply fertilizer under the “tree shrewâ€, which is actually applied to the tree tray. The roots under the tree tray are mainly the backbone roots, and their main function is not to absorb the fat, but to fix and support the plants. Fine roots are the main organ for absorbing fat, and they are most distributed in the canopy drip line. Therefore, the fertilizer applied to the tree tray cannot be absorbed and utilized well, and it is easy to damage the root when burrowing, especially the applied fertilizer is easy to burn root, causing burnt rot of the lateral root and even death. Therefore, the fertilization position should be determined according to the size of the canopy. Generally, the fertilizer should be applied to the outer edge of the canopy drip line or slightly farther from the outer edge, and the fertilization method of digging an annular groove or digging a hole should be adopted. This not only facilitates the absorption and utilization of fertilizers, does not cause fat damage, and can induce the root system to develop in depth.
Fertilization does not combine drought resistance. More drought occurs in July-September. If fertilization is not combined with drought resistance, the fertilizer can not be well absorbed and utilized, and it is also easy to cause fertilizer damage and nitrogen volatilization in fertilizer. In view of the fact that the fertilizer can only be decomposed, flowed, operated and absorbed under the moist conditions of the soil, fertilization should be combined with drought resistance in the case of drought: the method of ditch irrigation is used to resist drought after fertilization in the flatland orange orchard; the mountain orange orchard is dug in the outer edge of the canopy drip line. 8-12 points, the hole width is 30 cm, the depth is not to damage the root, and the quick-acting fertilizer solution is applied, and the drought-resistant fertilization is carried out.
Foliar fertilization time and location are not appropriate Many orange farmers do not choose the appropriate fertilization time, often sprayed foliar fertilizer on the sunny day after 10 o'clock in the morning, before 4 o'clock in the afternoon, and only spray the front of the leaf, do not spray the leaf back. Due to the high temperature and dryness in July and August, the moisture in the fertilizer liquid is quickly evaporated, which is easy to cause fertilizer damage, and the mineral elements cannot be absorbed by the leaves after the fertilizer liquid is dried. In view of this, it is necessary to choose to spray on the cloudy or sunny day before 10 o'clock in the morning and after 4 o'clock in the afternoon. Because there are many stomata in the back of the leaf, the ability to absorb fertilizer is stronger than that of the leaf surface. It is necessary to spray the leaves on the back of the leaf, so as not to drip.
Author: Xiexue Fang
The application of urea in the production of partial and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers is relatively high. According to the survey, in recent years, the orange orchard with single application of urea is about 40%, and it is used at will, which is often too large. It is not uncommon for the plant to apply urea more than 500 grams. Partial application and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, resulting in thickening and thickening of the peel, forming inferior coarse skin large fruit; delayed coloration, a large number of green fruits; poor flavor, decreased juice rate, especially the taste is sour, unbearable. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can significantly promote fruit acid reduction and sugar-increasing effects, and can promote the expansion of citrus fruits. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and control the application of nitrogen fertilizers. If necessary, supplement the medium or trace elements to achieve balanced fertilization. 6-10 year old result tree 200-300 grams of NPK compound fertilizer in July, 2 kg of cake fertilizer in September, 100 grams of urea; 10 years of adult fruit tree, July application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer 300-400 Gram, in September, the plant fertilizer was 3-4 kg and the urea was 200 g. Red soil soil orange gardens should also pay attention to the application of calcium fertilizer, about 150 kg per mu, which can increase production by more than 10%.
After the application of the farmyard manure is not fully decomposed, the unfertilized pig manure, cake fertilizer, chicken manure and other farmyard manures are applied, and a large amount of heat is released during the fermentation process, causing roots, dead roots and even dead trees. At the same time, the unfertilized pig cow dung contains a large number of parasitic eggs, causing environmental pollution. In addition, excessive application of unfertilized farmyard manure can also cause microbial nitrogen uptake. Therefore, pig manure, chicken manure and other manure should be applied to the orange orchard after being completely decomposed by stacking and fermenting; the cake fertilizer can be soaked in water for 7-10 days or mixed with human excrement and used until fully decomposed.
Improper fertilization position Some orange farmers apply fertilizer under the “tree shrewâ€, which is actually applied to the tree tray. The roots under the tree tray are mainly the backbone roots, and their main function is not to absorb the fat, but to fix and support the plants. Fine roots are the main organ for absorbing fat, and they are most distributed in the canopy drip line. Therefore, the fertilizer applied to the tree tray cannot be absorbed and utilized well, and it is easy to damage the root when burrowing, especially the applied fertilizer is easy to burn root, causing burnt rot of the lateral root and even death. Therefore, the fertilization position should be determined according to the size of the canopy. Generally, the fertilizer should be applied to the outer edge of the canopy drip line or slightly farther from the outer edge, and the fertilization method of digging an annular groove or digging a hole should be adopted. This not only facilitates the absorption and utilization of fertilizers, does not cause fat damage, and can induce the root system to develop in depth.
Fertilization does not combine drought resistance. More drought occurs in July-September. If fertilization is not combined with drought resistance, the fertilizer can not be well absorbed and utilized, and it is also easy to cause fertilizer damage and nitrogen volatilization in fertilizer. In view of the fact that the fertilizer can only be decomposed, flowed, operated and absorbed under the moist conditions of the soil, fertilization should be combined with drought resistance in the case of drought: the method of ditch irrigation is used to resist drought after fertilization in the flatland orange orchard; the mountain orange orchard is dug in the outer edge of the canopy drip line. 8-12 points, the hole width is 30 cm, the depth is not to damage the root, and the quick-acting fertilizer solution is applied, and the drought-resistant fertilization is carried out.
Foliar fertilization time and location are not appropriate Many orange farmers do not choose the appropriate fertilization time, often sprayed foliar fertilizer on the sunny day after 10 o'clock in the morning, before 4 o'clock in the afternoon, and only spray the front of the leaf, do not spray the leaf back. Due to the high temperature and dryness in July and August, the moisture in the fertilizer liquid is quickly evaporated, which is easy to cause fertilizer damage, and the mineral elements cannot be absorbed by the leaves after the fertilizer liquid is dried. In view of this, it is necessary to choose to spray on the cloudy or sunny day before 10 o'clock in the morning and after 4 o'clock in the afternoon. Because there are many stomata in the back of the leaf, the ability to absorb fertilizer is stronger than that of the leaf surface. It is necessary to spray the leaves on the back of the leaf, so as not to drip.
Author: Xiexue Fang
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