First, the role of the main nutrients
When the supply of nitrogen fertilizer is sufficient, the ginger plants are characterized by thick leaves, deep leaf color, strong growth, high photosynthetic products and high yield. If they lack nitrogen nutrition, the plants are short, the leaves are thin, the leaves are yellow and the growth potential is weak. Less branches and low yield.
When the supply of phosphate fertilizer is sufficient, the growth of roots of ginger seedlings and the growth of rhizomes are promoted in the early stage; the photosynthetic products in stems and leaves are transferred to the rhizome to increase the yield. When phosphorus is deficient, the leaves of ginger are dark green, the plants are short, the rhizome is poorly developed, and the yield is low.
When the potash supply is sufficient, the ginger leaves are thick, the stems are thick, the branches are increased, the disease resistance and stress resistance are enhanced, the yield is high, and the quality is good. The lack of potassium not only affects the growth of the plant and the development of the rhizome, but also leads to a decrease in yield, and increases the crude fiber content of the ginger, reduces the volatile oil, vitamin C and sugar content, and affects the quality of the ginger.
Trace elements such as boron and zinc also have a great effect on the growth and yield of ginger. It has been reported that the addition of boron and zinc in the soil can promote the increase of the plant, the leaf area is enlarged, the number of branches is increased, and the ginger ball is large and round, the skin color is bright and lustrous, and the quality is good.
Second, the need for fertilizer characteristics
It is determined that each 1000 kg of fresh ginger is about 6.3 kg of nitrogen, 1.3 kg of phosphorus and 11.2 kg of potassium. The ratio of NPK is 5:1:8. In the seedling stage, the plant grows slowly, the growth amount is small, and the seedlings absorb less nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. After the third equity period, the plant growth rate is accelerated, the number of tillers increases, the leaf area expands rapidly, and the rhizome grows vigorously. The amount of fertilizer needed is increasing rapidly.
Third, fertilization technology
1. Apply enough base fertilizer
Combined with deep-turning the whole land, apply 3-4 square meters of high-quality decomposed chicken manure, 4000~5000 kg of high-quality ring fertilizer, 50 kg of pure sulfur-based compound fertilizer, 1~2 kg of zinc sulfate and 1 kg of borax.
2, reasonable topdressing
1 Light and strong seedling fertilizer: When the seedlings grow 1-2 branches in the middle and early June, combined with watering and applying secondary fertilizer, interval 10-15 days, each time per acre of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 15- 20 kg.
2 heavy application of fertilizer: also known as turning fertilizer (before and after the fall), the three-strand stage, ginger into the vigorous growth period, is the key period of topdressing, 70-80 kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer per acre.
3 flushing supplement fertilizer: During the tuber expansion period, when there are 6-8 tillers in the middle of September, about 50 kg of high-nitrogen potassium compound fertilizer per acre is applied, and the application is divided into two intervals of about 15 days.
When the supply of nitrogen fertilizer is sufficient, the ginger plants are characterized by thick leaves, deep leaf color, strong growth, high photosynthetic products and high yield. If they lack nitrogen nutrition, the plants are short, the leaves are thin, the leaves are yellow and the growth potential is weak. Less branches and low yield.
When the supply of phosphate fertilizer is sufficient, the growth of roots of ginger seedlings and the growth of rhizomes are promoted in the early stage; the photosynthetic products in stems and leaves are transferred to the rhizome to increase the yield. When phosphorus is deficient, the leaves of ginger are dark green, the plants are short, the rhizome is poorly developed, and the yield is low.
When the potash supply is sufficient, the ginger leaves are thick, the stems are thick, the branches are increased, the disease resistance and stress resistance are enhanced, the yield is high, and the quality is good. The lack of potassium not only affects the growth of the plant and the development of the rhizome, but also leads to a decrease in yield, and increases the crude fiber content of the ginger, reduces the volatile oil, vitamin C and sugar content, and affects the quality of the ginger.
Trace elements such as boron and zinc also have a great effect on the growth and yield of ginger. It has been reported that the addition of boron and zinc in the soil can promote the increase of the plant, the leaf area is enlarged, the number of branches is increased, and the ginger ball is large and round, the skin color is bright and lustrous, and the quality is good.
Second, the need for fertilizer characteristics
It is determined that each 1000 kg of fresh ginger is about 6.3 kg of nitrogen, 1.3 kg of phosphorus and 11.2 kg of potassium. The ratio of NPK is 5:1:8. In the seedling stage, the plant grows slowly, the growth amount is small, and the seedlings absorb less nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. After the third equity period, the plant growth rate is accelerated, the number of tillers increases, the leaf area expands rapidly, and the rhizome grows vigorously. The amount of fertilizer needed is increasing rapidly.
Third, fertilization technology
1. Apply enough base fertilizer
Combined with deep-turning the whole land, apply 3-4 square meters of high-quality decomposed chicken manure, 4000~5000 kg of high-quality ring fertilizer, 50 kg of pure sulfur-based compound fertilizer, 1~2 kg of zinc sulfate and 1 kg of borax.
2, reasonable topdressing
1 Light and strong seedling fertilizer: When the seedlings grow 1-2 branches in the middle and early June, combined with watering and applying secondary fertilizer, interval 10-15 days, each time per acre of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 15- 20 kg.
2 heavy application of fertilizer: also known as turning fertilizer (before and after the fall), the three-strand stage, ginger into the vigorous growth period, is the key period of topdressing, 70-80 kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer per acre.
3 flushing supplement fertilizer: During the tuber expansion period, when there are 6-8 tillers in the middle of September, about 50 kg of high-nitrogen potassium compound fertilizer per acre is applied, and the application is divided into two intervals of about 15 days.
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