Fertilizer is the grain of plants. It is a substance that directly or indirectly supplies the nutrients needed for crops and improves soil traits to increase crop yield and quality. There are many methods for classifying fertilizers. Generally, fertilizers are classified into inorganic fertilizers, organic fertilizers, and microbial fertilizers. At present, inorganic fertilizer is the decisive factor in production, followed by organic fertilizer, which has a small share of microbial fertilizer.
The so-called inorganic fertilizer is a fertilizer composed of inorganic substances relative to organic fertilizers, also known as chemical fertilizers, referred to as chemical fertilizers. In the chemical fertilizer, according to the nutrient types, it is divided into nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, calcium magnesium sulfur fertilizer, compound fertilizer, and trace element fertilizer. Commonly used phosphate fertilizers are superphosphate, heavy superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, phosphate rock, etc. Commonly used potassium fertilizers are potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, kiln ash potassium fertilizer, etc. Commonly used compound fertilizers are monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate. , nitrophosphate fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and various compound fertilizers, commonly used micro-fertilizers are zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, borax, ammonium molybdate and the like.
Since the reform and opening up, the application rate of chemical fertilizers in China has increased rapidly, and the contribution rate to agricultural products is 35-40%. However, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers in China is only about 32% on average, while that in developed countries is 50-60%, which not only causes huge waste of financial resources, but also negatively affects the environment and agricultural product safety. Therefore, rational application of chemical fertilizers and improvement of fertilizer utilization rate It has become an urgent issue. It is necessary to vigorously promote balanced formula fertilization; emphasize the importance of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer, and the combination of the two; nitrogen fertilizer should be rationally distributed and applied according to soil conditions, crop types and fertilizer characteristics, and generally implement deep application of nitrogen fertilizer and timely cover soil, and advocate bottom fertilizer and topdressing phase. Combination, can not blindly "one shell", try to avoid and reduce ammonia volatilization, nitrate loss and denitrification denitrification; phosphate fertilizer should be selected for different soil areas and crops, promote the use of the base fertilizer; potassium application should Mainly based on the base fertilizer, with the top dressing, the limited potash fertilizer is applied to the soil with low potassium and potassium. The range of deficiency, proper amount and excess of various trace elements is narrow. Therefore, the application of micro-fertilizer must strictly comply with the technical requirements. The effective methods are soaking seeds, seed dressing, foliar spraying, and some can be directly applied to the soil. .
The so-called inorganic fertilizer is a fertilizer composed of inorganic substances relative to organic fertilizers, also known as chemical fertilizers, referred to as chemical fertilizers. In the chemical fertilizer, according to the nutrient types, it is divided into nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, calcium magnesium sulfur fertilizer, compound fertilizer, and trace element fertilizer. Commonly used phosphate fertilizers are superphosphate, heavy superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, phosphate rock, etc. Commonly used potassium fertilizers are potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, kiln ash potassium fertilizer, etc. Commonly used compound fertilizers are monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate. , nitrophosphate fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and various compound fertilizers, commonly used micro-fertilizers are zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, borax, ammonium molybdate and the like.
Since the reform and opening up, the application rate of chemical fertilizers in China has increased rapidly, and the contribution rate to agricultural products is 35-40%. However, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers in China is only about 32% on average, while that in developed countries is 50-60%, which not only causes huge waste of financial resources, but also negatively affects the environment and agricultural product safety. Therefore, rational application of chemical fertilizers and improvement of fertilizer utilization rate It has become an urgent issue. It is necessary to vigorously promote balanced formula fertilization; emphasize the importance of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer, and the combination of the two; nitrogen fertilizer should be rationally distributed and applied according to soil conditions, crop types and fertilizer characteristics, and generally implement deep application of nitrogen fertilizer and timely cover soil, and advocate bottom fertilizer and topdressing phase. Combination, can not blindly "one shell", try to avoid and reduce ammonia volatilization, nitrate loss and denitrification denitrification; phosphate fertilizer should be selected for different soil areas and crops, promote the use of the base fertilizer; potassium application should Mainly based on the base fertilizer, with the top dressing, the limited potash fertilizer is applied to the soil with low potassium and potassium. The range of deficiency, proper amount and excess of various trace elements is narrow. Therefore, the application of micro-fertilizer must strictly comply with the technical requirements. The effective methods are soaking seeds, seed dressing, foliar spraying, and some can be directly applied to the soil. .
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