Global Biomass Market Value Biomass energy refers to the energy contained in biomass, which has the characteristics of high volatility and high carbon activity, low N and S content, low ash content, and zero emission of carbon dioxide in the combustion process.
The development of non-food biomass energy not only does not affect food security, but also makes effective use of waste resources, replaces traditional fossil fuels, and promotes environmental protection and energy conservation. Currently, countries are stepping up development and investment in bioenergy, especially advanced biofuels.
The non-grain bio-energy raw materials mainly come from agricultural and forestry organic waste, including straw, livestock manure, forestry residues, etc., as well as energy plants planted on marginal land, including sweet sorghum, cassava, woody oil plants, and shrubs. In the development of renewable energy alternatives to fossil energy, the main role of biomass energy is the world trend.
According to a report released by EL Insights in September 2010, the global biomanufacturing market is expected to increase from US$572.9 billion to US$673.7 billion from 2010 to 2015, which is equivalent to the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) during this period. It is 3.9%.
In the next few years, biomass will grow significantly in the areas of biomass power generation, biofuels and bio-products. The market value of biomass power generation will increase from 45 billion US dollars in 2010 to 53 billion US dollars in 2020. According to the statistics of the Biomass Power Association (BPA), the biomass industry generates 5 million KWh of electricity each year, creating jobs for 18,000 people in the United States.
According to EL Insights' forecast, the US subsidies for the research and development of renewable energy transportation will greatly reduce the dependence on imported oil by 2020. The EU will need 30 to 40 million hectares of crops to meet the demand for biofuels. It is expected that the price of staple foods in developing countries will increase by 15% by 2020. At the same time, the conversion of plant wastes and municipal solid waste into biofuels is expected to be more developed.
Typical National Biomass Energy Development Trends The U.S. Congress passed a bill including the accelerated development of biomass energy in May 2008. It requires that by 2018, the consumption of fuel extracted from petroleum be reduced by 20% and replaced by biological substances. Fuel. According to the “2010 US Energy Outlookâ€, by 2035, the available biofuels in the United States will meet the overall increase in the demand for liquid fuels, and ethanol will account for 17% of the oil consumption, making the US’s dependence on imported crude oil drop to 45% in the next 25 years. From 2009 to 2035, non-hydro renewable energy resources in the United States will account for 41% of the growth in electricity generation, of which the largest proportion of biomass power generation is 49.3%.
According to the European EurObserv company's statistical report released in December 2010, in Europe in 2009, primary energy produced from solid biomass hit a record high, again reaching 72.8 million tons of oil equivalent, which was a 3.6% increase from 2008. According to statistics, the primary energy produced by European member countries in 2008 from solid biomass increased by 2.3% compared with 2007, ie, it increased by 1.5 million tons of oil equivalent. This increase was particularly generated by biomass power generation, which was 10.8% higher than in 2007, an increase of 5.6 TWh. The growth from solid biomass power generation is particularly stable, with an average annual growth rate of 14.7% since 2001, rising from 20.8 TWh to 62.2 TWh in 2009. The majority of this production in 2009, 62.5%, was from a cogeneration facility. The biomass-based electricity production in the EU has quadrupled since 2001, from 20.3 TWh in 2001 to 57.4 TWh in 2008.
Sweden is one of the countries in the world where road traffic is the least dependent on fossil fuels. According to reports, in 2009, the Swedish government approved a plan to bring renewable energy to 50% of the country’s total energy consumption by 2020. In addition, the country aims to make its transport sector completely independent of fossil fuel imports by 2030. According to the Swedish Bioenergy Association, the total energy consumption from biomass in Sweden has increased from 88 TWh to 115 TWh during 2000-2009. During this period, the use of petroleum-based products has decreased from 142 TWh to 112 TWh. By 2009, biomass had surpassed oil and became the first source of energy, accounting for 32% of Sweden's total energy consumption. It is predicted that the consumption of biomass will continue to grow by another 10% in 2011.
In Sweden, biomass heating generates 103 billion kWh, accounting for 16.5% of the country's total energy consumption and 68.5% of total heating energy consumption. The Swedish capital Stockholm has about 100,000 clean energy cars, including cars using ethanol, biogas cars and hybrid cars, which account for 11% of the total number of cars. Sweden plans to fully use biofuels in the transportation sector by 2020 and take the lead in the post-petroleum era.
The European Commission stated in May 2010 that it has taken active steps to improve the EU's management of biological waste, and to achieve a large environmental and economic benefits. The annual domestic waste generated from biodegradable plants, kitchens, and food waste is 88 million tons, which may have a significant impact on the environment. But it can also be used as renewable energy and recycled materials. The main environment from biowaste is methane production, which is a greenhouse gas. If biological treatment of waste is maximized, greenhouse gas emissions can be greatly avoided and it is estimated that by 2020 it will be equivalent to 10 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. The analysis pointed out that about one third of the renewable energy goals of the European transport industry in 2020 will be expected to be met by using biogas from biowaste.
AfriRen, a British biomass producer and exporter, announced in December 2010 that it is entering the African continent to develop biomass energy. The company has signed a long-term biomass supply with GRE, a subsidiary of Africa’s leading agricultural group SIFCA. The contract, GRE company has 21,000 people, operating income of 600 million euros. AfriRen and its partners will initially invest $16 million to create a platform for European biomass buyers. Almost all of the biomass currently imported in Europe comes from the Americas, and AfriRen will use the latest technology to develop renewable energy projects in Africa. AfriRen aims to become the largest producer of biomass in Africa, and is expected to export only 120,000 tons of sawdust annually from 2011, only from its operations in Ghana. Wood chips meet European biomass specifications and sustainability standards. This is AfriRen's first project. The company has signed an eight-year contract with SIACA's Ghana Rubber Estates and exports wood pellet biomass from their rubber tree plantation near Takoradi.
Denmark is preparing to gradually reduce and phase out coal-fired power stations in the top five cities in the country, require power stations to carry out technological transformation, use biofuels instead of coal and fuel oil, as the main source of energy for urban production and living.
All of Brazil’s gasoline has been forced to add 25% of ethanol. From 2010, the proportion of biodiesel in all ordinary diesel has also reached 5%, which entered the B5 era three years in advance. With the trump card of bioenergy, the Brazilian government has expressed confidence that it will achieve its goal of reducing emissions by 36% by 2020.
In 2004, India started the “silent†campaign in the oil and agriculture sector and established a decree that 10% ethanol must be added to the national transportation fuel in 2011.
China's biomass energy has outstanding advantages. China has abundant biomass energy resources. It is estimated that China's theoretical biomass energy resources are about 5 billion tons of standard coal, which is about 4 times of China's total energy consumption. Under the conditions that can be collected, China's currently available biomass energy resources are mainly traditional biomass, including crop stalks, fuel wood, livestock manure, domestic garbage, industrial organic waste, and wastewater. According to the statistical data from 1998 to 2003 ("China Statistical Abstract" and "China Rural Energy Yearbook (1998)-1999 Edition"), China's total openable material resources are about 700 million tons (approximately 330 million crop straws Ton, accounting for 50% of the total, is equivalent to 350 million tons of standard coal, and all use can reduce 850 million tons of carbon dioxide, equivalent to 1/8 of the national CO2 emissions in 2007. It can be seen that biomass energy, as the only storable renewable energy source, has the characteristics of wide distribution and large reserves, is carbon neutral, and strengthens the development and utilization of biomass energy, which contributes to energy conservation and emission reduction and is low Carbon economy is an important way.
The Afforestation Department of the State Forestry Administration stated that the country is organizing the preparation of the “National Forestry Biomass Energy Development Plan (2011-2020)â€. The plan proposes that by 2020, China’s energy forest area will reach 20 million hectares; Material energy can replace 20.25 million tons of standard coal in petrochemical energy, accounting for 3% of renewable energy. China has an existing forest area of ​​195 million hectares and a total of 18 billion tons of forestry biomass. There are three types of biomass energy resources: First, wood fuel resources, including firewood, shrubbery, and forestry “three remainingsâ€. The total amount is about 300 million tons/year. Second, there are 154 species of plants that contain more than 40% oil in the seeds of trees. The area of ​​trees such as Jatropha curcas, tung tree, berberine, cranberry fruit, and camellia is about 4.2 million hectares, the fruit production is about 5.59 million tons; third is the woody starch resources, the output of Chinese ape fruits is about 20 million tons, and it can produce nearly 5 million tons of fuel ethanol.
In the future, China will actively promote the introduction of preferential policies to encourage people and all sectors of society to invest in the development of energy forests. At the same time, forestry biomass energy companies are encouraged to establish a certain scale of raw material bases. The raw material forest base of the company is used as the basic guarantee for the supply of raw materials. The raw materials supplied by the raw material forest base should account for 50% of the annual production demand of the enterprise.
China will also cooperate with the French Development Agency to carry out the "China-France Biodiesel Cooperation Project". Actively promote the pilot demonstration enterprise construction experience, establish a typical model, and vigorously develop forestry biomass energy.
The development of forestry biomass energy in China is still in its infancy, its scale of development is still relatively small, and its construction progress is slow. Improvements in capital investment, incentive policies, and production technologies are needed. At present, China has approved about 100 biomass power generation projects and completed more than 30 projects with an annual total generating capacity of 400,000 kilowatts. At present, the United States annually produces about 600,000 tons of molded fuel and about 260,000 tons in Japan. China has not yet produced biodiesel fueled by forestry oil crops; the annual output of biodiesel in the United States and European Union countries exceeds 1 million tons and 2.5 million tons.
The cultivation of new raw materials, comprehensive utilization of products, and high-efficiency, low-cost transformation technology will become the three major trends in the development of biomass energy technology in China during the “12th Five-Year Plan†period. The general trend of biomass energy technology development is that raw material supply is mainly from traditional wastes to the development of new resources and large-scale cultivation. Second, high-efficiency, low-cost conversion technologies and high value utilization of biofuel products are always the future technologies. The core of development, and third, the comprehensive utilization of the whole chain of biomass is an effective way to achieve green and efficient use. The key tasks for biomass energy during the “12th Five-Year Plan†period include: selection and breeding of new biomass resources such as microalgae, oils and fats, starches, sugars, fibers and other energy plants, and high-value preparation and synthesis of biogas. Utilizing, demonstration of bio-fuel for agricultural waste preparation, efficient preparation and bio-refining of biomass liquid fuels, production of liquid fuels and poly-generation technology for large-scale biomass thermal conversion, efficient preparation of cellulose-based liquid fuels, and bio-diesel industrialization Key technology research, 10,000-ton molding fuel production process and domestic equipment, bio-based materials and chemical preparation and refining technology.
The development of non-food biomass energy not only does not affect food security, but also makes effective use of waste resources, replaces traditional fossil fuels, and promotes environmental protection and energy conservation. Currently, countries are stepping up development and investment in bioenergy, especially advanced biofuels.
The non-grain bio-energy raw materials mainly come from agricultural and forestry organic waste, including straw, livestock manure, forestry residues, etc., as well as energy plants planted on marginal land, including sweet sorghum, cassava, woody oil plants, and shrubs. In the development of renewable energy alternatives to fossil energy, the main role of biomass energy is the world trend.
According to a report released by EL Insights in September 2010, the global biomanufacturing market is expected to increase from US$572.9 billion to US$673.7 billion from 2010 to 2015, which is equivalent to the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) during this period. It is 3.9%.
In the next few years, biomass will grow significantly in the areas of biomass power generation, biofuels and bio-products. The market value of biomass power generation will increase from 45 billion US dollars in 2010 to 53 billion US dollars in 2020. According to the statistics of the Biomass Power Association (BPA), the biomass industry generates 5 million KWh of electricity each year, creating jobs for 18,000 people in the United States.
According to EL Insights' forecast, the US subsidies for the research and development of renewable energy transportation will greatly reduce the dependence on imported oil by 2020. The EU will need 30 to 40 million hectares of crops to meet the demand for biofuels. It is expected that the price of staple foods in developing countries will increase by 15% by 2020. At the same time, the conversion of plant wastes and municipal solid waste into biofuels is expected to be more developed.
Typical National Biomass Energy Development Trends The U.S. Congress passed a bill including the accelerated development of biomass energy in May 2008. It requires that by 2018, the consumption of fuel extracted from petroleum be reduced by 20% and replaced by biological substances. Fuel. According to the “2010 US Energy Outlookâ€, by 2035, the available biofuels in the United States will meet the overall increase in the demand for liquid fuels, and ethanol will account for 17% of the oil consumption, making the US’s dependence on imported crude oil drop to 45% in the next 25 years. From 2009 to 2035, non-hydro renewable energy resources in the United States will account for 41% of the growth in electricity generation, of which the largest proportion of biomass power generation is 49.3%.
According to the European EurObserv company's statistical report released in December 2010, in Europe in 2009, primary energy produced from solid biomass hit a record high, again reaching 72.8 million tons of oil equivalent, which was a 3.6% increase from 2008. According to statistics, the primary energy produced by European member countries in 2008 from solid biomass increased by 2.3% compared with 2007, ie, it increased by 1.5 million tons of oil equivalent. This increase was particularly generated by biomass power generation, which was 10.8% higher than in 2007, an increase of 5.6 TWh. The growth from solid biomass power generation is particularly stable, with an average annual growth rate of 14.7% since 2001, rising from 20.8 TWh to 62.2 TWh in 2009. The majority of this production in 2009, 62.5%, was from a cogeneration facility. The biomass-based electricity production in the EU has quadrupled since 2001, from 20.3 TWh in 2001 to 57.4 TWh in 2008.
Sweden is one of the countries in the world where road traffic is the least dependent on fossil fuels. According to reports, in 2009, the Swedish government approved a plan to bring renewable energy to 50% of the country’s total energy consumption by 2020. In addition, the country aims to make its transport sector completely independent of fossil fuel imports by 2030. According to the Swedish Bioenergy Association, the total energy consumption from biomass in Sweden has increased from 88 TWh to 115 TWh during 2000-2009. During this period, the use of petroleum-based products has decreased from 142 TWh to 112 TWh. By 2009, biomass had surpassed oil and became the first source of energy, accounting for 32% of Sweden's total energy consumption. It is predicted that the consumption of biomass will continue to grow by another 10% in 2011.
In Sweden, biomass heating generates 103 billion kWh, accounting for 16.5% of the country's total energy consumption and 68.5% of total heating energy consumption. The Swedish capital Stockholm has about 100,000 clean energy cars, including cars using ethanol, biogas cars and hybrid cars, which account for 11% of the total number of cars. Sweden plans to fully use biofuels in the transportation sector by 2020 and take the lead in the post-petroleum era.
The European Commission stated in May 2010 that it has taken active steps to improve the EU's management of biological waste, and to achieve a large environmental and economic benefits. The annual domestic waste generated from biodegradable plants, kitchens, and food waste is 88 million tons, which may have a significant impact on the environment. But it can also be used as renewable energy and recycled materials. The main environment from biowaste is methane production, which is a greenhouse gas. If biological treatment of waste is maximized, greenhouse gas emissions can be greatly avoided and it is estimated that by 2020 it will be equivalent to 10 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. The analysis pointed out that about one third of the renewable energy goals of the European transport industry in 2020 will be expected to be met by using biogas from biowaste.
AfriRen, a British biomass producer and exporter, announced in December 2010 that it is entering the African continent to develop biomass energy. The company has signed a long-term biomass supply with GRE, a subsidiary of Africa’s leading agricultural group SIFCA. The contract, GRE company has 21,000 people, operating income of 600 million euros. AfriRen and its partners will initially invest $16 million to create a platform for European biomass buyers. Almost all of the biomass currently imported in Europe comes from the Americas, and AfriRen will use the latest technology to develop renewable energy projects in Africa. AfriRen aims to become the largest producer of biomass in Africa, and is expected to export only 120,000 tons of sawdust annually from 2011, only from its operations in Ghana. Wood chips meet European biomass specifications and sustainability standards. This is AfriRen's first project. The company has signed an eight-year contract with SIACA's Ghana Rubber Estates and exports wood pellet biomass from their rubber tree plantation near Takoradi.
Denmark is preparing to gradually reduce and phase out coal-fired power stations in the top five cities in the country, require power stations to carry out technological transformation, use biofuels instead of coal and fuel oil, as the main source of energy for urban production and living.
All of Brazil’s gasoline has been forced to add 25% of ethanol. From 2010, the proportion of biodiesel in all ordinary diesel has also reached 5%, which entered the B5 era three years in advance. With the trump card of bioenergy, the Brazilian government has expressed confidence that it will achieve its goal of reducing emissions by 36% by 2020.
In 2004, India started the “silent†campaign in the oil and agriculture sector and established a decree that 10% ethanol must be added to the national transportation fuel in 2011.
China's biomass energy has outstanding advantages. China has abundant biomass energy resources. It is estimated that China's theoretical biomass energy resources are about 5 billion tons of standard coal, which is about 4 times of China's total energy consumption. Under the conditions that can be collected, China's currently available biomass energy resources are mainly traditional biomass, including crop stalks, fuel wood, livestock manure, domestic garbage, industrial organic waste, and wastewater. According to the statistical data from 1998 to 2003 ("China Statistical Abstract" and "China Rural Energy Yearbook (1998)-1999 Edition"), China's total openable material resources are about 700 million tons (approximately 330 million crop straws Ton, accounting for 50% of the total, is equivalent to 350 million tons of standard coal, and all use can reduce 850 million tons of carbon dioxide, equivalent to 1/8 of the national CO2 emissions in 2007. It can be seen that biomass energy, as the only storable renewable energy source, has the characteristics of wide distribution and large reserves, is carbon neutral, and strengthens the development and utilization of biomass energy, which contributes to energy conservation and emission reduction and is low Carbon economy is an important way.
The Afforestation Department of the State Forestry Administration stated that the country is organizing the preparation of the “National Forestry Biomass Energy Development Plan (2011-2020)â€. The plan proposes that by 2020, China’s energy forest area will reach 20 million hectares; Material energy can replace 20.25 million tons of standard coal in petrochemical energy, accounting for 3% of renewable energy. China has an existing forest area of ​​195 million hectares and a total of 18 billion tons of forestry biomass. There are three types of biomass energy resources: First, wood fuel resources, including firewood, shrubbery, and forestry “three remainingsâ€. The total amount is about 300 million tons/year. Second, there are 154 species of plants that contain more than 40% oil in the seeds of trees. The area of ​​trees such as Jatropha curcas, tung tree, berberine, cranberry fruit, and camellia is about 4.2 million hectares, the fruit production is about 5.59 million tons; third is the woody starch resources, the output of Chinese ape fruits is about 20 million tons, and it can produce nearly 5 million tons of fuel ethanol.
In the future, China will actively promote the introduction of preferential policies to encourage people and all sectors of society to invest in the development of energy forests. At the same time, forestry biomass energy companies are encouraged to establish a certain scale of raw material bases. The raw material forest base of the company is used as the basic guarantee for the supply of raw materials. The raw materials supplied by the raw material forest base should account for 50% of the annual production demand of the enterprise.
China will also cooperate with the French Development Agency to carry out the "China-France Biodiesel Cooperation Project". Actively promote the pilot demonstration enterprise construction experience, establish a typical model, and vigorously develop forestry biomass energy.
The development of forestry biomass energy in China is still in its infancy, its scale of development is still relatively small, and its construction progress is slow. Improvements in capital investment, incentive policies, and production technologies are needed. At present, China has approved about 100 biomass power generation projects and completed more than 30 projects with an annual total generating capacity of 400,000 kilowatts. At present, the United States annually produces about 600,000 tons of molded fuel and about 260,000 tons in Japan. China has not yet produced biodiesel fueled by forestry oil crops; the annual output of biodiesel in the United States and European Union countries exceeds 1 million tons and 2.5 million tons.
The cultivation of new raw materials, comprehensive utilization of products, and high-efficiency, low-cost transformation technology will become the three major trends in the development of biomass energy technology in China during the “12th Five-Year Plan†period. The general trend of biomass energy technology development is that raw material supply is mainly from traditional wastes to the development of new resources and large-scale cultivation. Second, high-efficiency, low-cost conversion technologies and high value utilization of biofuel products are always the future technologies. The core of development, and third, the comprehensive utilization of the whole chain of biomass is an effective way to achieve green and efficient use. The key tasks for biomass energy during the “12th Five-Year Plan†period include: selection and breeding of new biomass resources such as microalgae, oils and fats, starches, sugars, fibers and other energy plants, and high-value preparation and synthesis of biogas. Utilizing, demonstration of bio-fuel for agricultural waste preparation, efficient preparation and bio-refining of biomass liquid fuels, production of liquid fuels and poly-generation technology for large-scale biomass thermal conversion, efficient preparation of cellulose-based liquid fuels, and bio-diesel industrialization Key technology research, 10,000-ton molding fuel production process and domestic equipment, bio-based materials and chemical preparation and refining technology.
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