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Australian scientists once again made important breakthroughs in the field of quantum computing research. According to the latest news from the Australian Trade Commission (Austrade), researchers at the University of New South Wales, Sydney (UNSW) have found a new way to use quantum computing technology to manufacture silicon-based computer chips.
The major research results lay the foundation for the manufacture of ultra-high-speed quantum computers. Related research papers have recently been published in the online edition of the internationally renowned journal Nature.
ACB News "Australia Finance Online" reported that UNSW research team leader Andrew Dzurak said that the results of this study have historical significance for the manufacture of quantum computers. Engineers in Australia used semiconductor materials to produce quantum logic gates, making it possible for the first time to compute information between two quantum bits or qubits.
As a basic element for building a quantum computer, the successful manufacture of a two-bit quantum logic gate is a landmark. "More importantly, we have successfully manufactured such components using silicon," Professor Dzurak said. "This achievement overcomes the last obstacle faced by researchers using silicon to manufacture quantum computers."
Traditional computers use "bits" as information storage units. According to traditional computing systems, data information is mainly stored as binary digits “0†and “1â€, and the two states cannot coexist. Each bit is stored in a pair of transistors: one is off and the other is on. The quantum computer computing process is implemented by quantum particles such as electrons and atomic nuclei, each representing a qubit. Qubits have a unique ability to be in two different states simultaneously.
The unique ability of qubits is called Quantum Superposition. Quantum computers use this performance and characteristics of quantum particles and use "qubits" as information storage units to ensure that computers can rapidly process huge amounts of data and solve complex data-intensive problems.
Scientists all over the world are committed to developing new systems using special materials. The key advantage of the UNSW research team is that silicon with semiconductor properties is used as the base material.
Silicon as a carrier of transistors has significant advantages in manufacturing computer chips. According to Dr. Menno Veldhorst, lead author of Nature magazine papers, nearly one billion transistors can be etched on silicon-based chips in smartphones or tablets. UNSW researchers can successfully convert these silicon transistors to qubits by interconnecting individual transistors with a single electron, and store the information data with the aid of electronic “spins†(associated with electron micromagnetic fields).
Prof. Dzurak emphasized that the research team he led has recently obtained the patent for designing the original silicon wafers. Once these silicon wafers are produced successfully, "the millions of qubits can be used together to complete the various calculations we demonstrated during the experiment." He said that the focus of the research team's next step will be to find suitable industry partners, and then jointly manufacture quantum computer silicon chips according to the original size.
The invention of quantum processors will affect many industries, including finance, security, information technology, and healthcare.
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